Tag: Requirement

  • Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant or Compliance

    Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant or Compliance

    Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant or Compliance, originally known as Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) Compliance, is a self-regulatory industry code of conduct administered by the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council. PCI compliance requires organizations that process branded credit cards under major credit card programs to securely accept, store, process, and transmit cardholder data.

    Here are the articles to explain, What is Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant and Compliance? Levels and Requirements

    Companies need to discover sensitive data stored, transmitted, or processed in their systems and protect it from unauthorized access to comply with PCI. Sensitive data discovery software makes it easier to locate this sensitive data and helps companies put in place measures to prevent hackers from accessing it.

    Organizations need the following to be PCI compliant:

    • 12 General Requirements for PCI Compliance
    • 78 Essential Requirements Based on Your Business
    • Four hundred testing procedures to ensure your organization is PCI compliant (depending on your business)
    • PCI compliance regulations keep customers and businesses safe from data breaches. It applies to all businesses that carry credit card information and is the cornerstone of every organization’s security protocols.

    The PCI standard has expanded its outline to include encrypted Internet transactions and added new rules and regulations to accommodate the latest advances in payments technology and commerce.

    PCI compliance level

    The four PCI compliance levels determine the number of transactions a merchant processes each year.

    • 1 Tier: Merchants that process more than 6 million card transactions per year.
    • 2 Tier: Merchants processing 1 to 6 million card transactions per year.
    • 3 Tier: Merchants processing 20,000 to 1 million card transactions per year.
    • 4 Tier: Merchants processing fewer than 20,000 card transactions per year.

    For PCI Compliance Level 1 organizations, achieving Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant and compliance include performing an external audit by a Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) or Internal Security Assessor (ISA). A QSA or ISA conducts an on-site assessment to:

    • Validate the scope of the assessment
    • Review technical information and documentation,
    • Determining Compliance with PCI Requirements
    • Provide guidance and support during the compliance process
    • Evaluate compensating controls
    • Following a successful assessment, a qualified security assessor demonstrates compliance by submitting a Report of Compliance (RoC) to the organization’s operating bank.

    PCI Compliance Level 2 organizations should also complete the RoC.

    Level 2 to 4 organizations can complete a self-assessment questionnaire instead of an external audit to determine compliance.

    Benefits of Payment Card Industry (PCI) DSS Compliant

    PCI DSS compliance provides a set of regulations and requirements to ensure optimal data confidentiality and security.

    Some of the benefits of being PCI DSS compliant are:

    • PCI DSS compliance ensures multiple layers of security for corporate assets.
    • It gathers ever-changing threats and attacks vectors to make the data environment more secure.
    • It DSS involves setting up firewalls, SIEM systems, and other security infrastructure to gather threat intelligence when anomalies occur.
    • PCI compliance’s emphasis on encryption of cardholder data makes PCI DSS-compliant businesses less valuable targets for cybercriminals.
    • PCI compliance principles focus on protecting cardholder data while it is stored or in transit. It emphasizes the implementation of PCI principles with an appropriate security infrastructure to help organizations prevent data breaches.
    • PCI DSS compliance builds and maintains customer trust in data security.
    • PCI compliance helps businesses meet industry-accepted standards for storing, processing, and transmitting cardholder information.
    • DSS compliance helps organizations comply with industry-accepted data security standards.
    • Also, PCI compliance requirements
    • PCI DSS compliance requirements focus on achieving PCI compliance and protecting cardholder data from unauthorized access.
    Protect the corporate network with a firewall

    Steps you can take to protect your network:

    • Configure firewalls to protect corporate networks and regulate incoming and outgoing traffic according to organizational standards.
    • Use hardware firewalls and software firewalls to protect your network.
    • Configure firewalls for inbound and outbound traffic. If an attacker breaks into the system, it will be difficult for them to export the stolen information due to outbound rules.
    Avoid default passwords and configuration settings

    To comply with the second requirement of PCI compliance:

    • Modify the default password to achieve system reinforcement and system configuration management.
    • Addresses all vulnerabilities in the system, remediates and reports them, and ensures system hardening standards comply with industry best practices.
    • System management software is a complete software package for monitoring, scanning, and configuring the device and system hardening options.
    • Also, Verify that system hardening standards are securely enforced as new devices and applications are introduced into the system environment.
    Protect stored cardholder data from unauthorized access

    Take the following steps to protect cardholder data from unauthorized access:

    • Cardholder data is encrypted using strong and industry-accepted encryption standards such as AES-256.
    • Ensure the system stores confidential cardholder details in an encrypted format.
    • Create and document a Cardholder Data (CHD) flowchart. It is a graphical representation of data flow within an organization.
    • Use sensitive data discovery tools to find sensitive information, such as social security numbers, in corporate systems to encrypt or delete.
    Encrypted transmission of cardholder data across open public networks

    Consider the following factors to encrypt cardholder data transmission across open or public networks:

    • Determine how and where data is transferred. Also, Track all regions sending similar details.
    • The transition from Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and earlier versions of Transport Layer Security (TLS) to more secure versions of TLS.
    • Check gateways, terminal providers, service providers, and banks to see if they use newer encryption for transaction applications.
    Use an updated version of antivirus software

    Take the following actions to comply with the fifth PCI DSS requirement.

    • Use antivirus software and protect your system from known malware.
    • Update antivirus software regularly.
    • Gather information on emerging malware and the different ways it infiltrates your company’s systems.
    • Configure systems and design processes to alert of any malicious activity in the system environment.
    • Also, Run regular malware scans to make sure you have a process designed to enforce it.
    Develop and maintain secure systems and applications

    Practice the following methods to develop and maintain secure systems and applications:

    • Patch security holes with the latest patches released by the software provider.
    • Install the latest security updates and patch vulnerabilities in applications and systems critical to the card data flow.
    • Also, Install critical patches within a month of release to ensure compliance
    • Proactively manage and implement patches as they are released.
    Limit access to cardholder data on a business need-to-know basis

    Consider the following restrictions on access to cardholder data:

    • Ensure strict access control to cardholder data by implementing a role-based access control (RBAC) system that grants access to cardholder details on a need-to-know basis.
    • Also, Avoid creating group users or sharing common user accounts with other users. Tracking data breaches will be challenging. `
    Assign a unique ID to each person with access to the computer

    Take the following steps to comply with Requirement 8 of the PCI DSS requirements:

    • Assign each user with computer access a unique ID and create strong passwords to prevent unauthorized access.
    • Create multiple layers of security when securing user accounts.
    • Use a multi-factor authentication solution to provide an extra layer of defense and protect your systems from attackers.
    Limit physical access to workplace and cardholder data

    Important considerations for compliance with Title IX requirements of the PCI DSS:

    • Restrict employee access to areas where cardholder data is stored.
    • Document who has access to the secure environment and who needs access. Lists all authorized device users, locations where the device is not allowed, and where the device is currently located. Note, all applications can be accessed on the device. Document what, where, when, and why you use your equipment.
    • Distinguish between employees and guests in your organization and use methods to monitor who has access to your secure environment.
    • Make sure to remove users’ access and disable or return physical access mechanisms like keys and access cards when employees leave.
    Track and monitor access to rework resources and cardholder data

    Key points to consider when tracking and monitoring access to network resources and cardholder data:

    • Implement and maintain a logging system to view all logs and get alerted when anomalies occur.
    • Check system event logs at least once a day to identify patterns, gather threat intelligence, and detect behavior that contradicts expected trends.
    • Also, Use a security information and event management (SIEM) solution to build and manage a centralized log collection system, monitoring, and inspection.
    Regularly test security systems and processes

    Please follow the practices mentioned below to comply with the requirements of Article 11 of PCI DSS.

    • Conduct frequent vulnerability scans to determine whether security holes have been successfully patched.
    • Perform quarterly vulnerability scans of all external IPs and domains exposed in the cardholder data environment using a PCI Approved Scanning Vendor (ASV).
    • Conduct regular penetration testing to identify different ways hackers can exploit vulnerabilities to safely configure your security systems and protect data from similar malicious tactics. (Penetration testing frequency depends on your Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), environment, size, procedures, and other factors).
    RISK ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION

    Adopt the following practices to meet the final requirements of PCI DSS compliance:

    • Document all policies, procedures, and evidence related to the organization’s information security practices.
    • Also, Assess formal and annual risks to identify key threats, vulnerabilities, and associated risks.
    What is Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant and Compliance Levels and Requirements Image
    What is Payment Card Industry (PCI) Compliant and Compliance? Levels and Requirements; Photo by Monstera from Pexels.
  • Thesis Writing Exercise Guidelines Steps Requirements

    Thesis Writing Exercise Guidelines Steps Requirements

    The Requirements of Thesis Writing Exercise, some Guidelines with their Steps. Today, the resume editor will continue to tell you something about thesis writing. Next, I will talk about the thesis writing steps and thesis writing requirements.

    Here are the articles to explain, the thesis writing exercise, guidelines, steps, and requirements

    Title

    The title should use the most appropriate and concise words to reflect the logical combination of the most important specific content in the paper. Generally speaking, the dissertation title is the first important information about the scope and level of the dissertation given by a dissertation. Therefore, the requirements for the title of the thesis are: accurate and decent, concise and concise, and the extension and connotation are appropriate and eye-catching.

    Author’s name

    The role of the author’s name and the signature of the unit is to show that the author is responsible for the text. The second is to record the labor results. Also, the third is to simplify contact between texts and the author and document recovery. There are roughly two types of bylines, namely: single-author papers and multi-author papers. The latter list as the first author, the second author… according to the contribution.

    Abstracts

    Papers should generally have abstracts, and some are for international exchanges. And there are also abstracts in foreign languages ​​(mostly in English). It is a short information on the content of the writing without annotations and comments. Additional uses are to obtain necessary knowledge without reading the full text of the paper.

    The abstract should include the following:

    • the purpose and importance of the research;
    • the main content of the research. Also indicating what work has been done;
    • the basic conclusions and analysis results obtained, highlighting the new insights of the article;
    • the significance of the conclusions or results.

    Although the abstract should reflect the above content, the text must be very concise and the content should fully summarize. The size of the paper is generally limited to no more than 5% of the words of the paper. The abstract should not list examples, explain the research process, do not use diagrams, do not give chemical structural formulas, and do not make self-evaluations.

    Keywords

    Keywords belong to one category of subject words. They are subject headings that indicate the relevant subject content of the document but have not been standardized. Keywords are words or terms selected from the paper for document indexing and used to represent the main content information items of the full text. A paper can select 3 to 8 words as keywords.

    Introduction

    The introduction, also known as the preface, belongs to the introduction part of the whole paper. The writing content includes research reasons, purpose, background, previous work, knowledge gaps, theoretical basis and experimental basis, expected results, and their status, role, and significance in related fields.

    The text of the introduction should not be lengthy, the content selection should not be too scattered and trivial, and the wording should refine to attract readers to continue reading. The length of the introduction has no rigid and uniform rules. It needs to determine according to the size of the whole paper and the needs of the content of the paper.

    Main text

    The main body of a paper is the main body of the paper, and it occupies the largest length of the paper. The creative achievements or new research results embodied in the thesis will fully reflect in this section. Therefore, this part requires to be substantial content, with sufficient and reliable arguments, strong arguments, and clear themes.

    To meet this series of requirements, and at the same time to achieve a clear hierarchy and clear context. The main text often divides into several large paragraphs. These sections call logical paragraphs, and a logical paragraph can contain several genuine paragraphs. Each logical paragraph may be appropriately titled.

    After reading the above content, you will know what the thesis writing steps and thesis writing requirements are.

    Thesis Writing Exercise Guidelines Steps Requirements
    Thesis Writing Exercise Guidelines Steps Requirements; Photo by Kyle Gregory Devaras on Unsplash.
  • Customer Services for easy writing a good resume

    Customer Services for easy writing a good resume

    Customer Services: In today’s society, commodities and products are emerging in an endless stream, and technology is constantly developing. Now, more than the appearance, technology, function, and material of commodities, and products, consumers, and customers care about the services behind the products. The quality of a product is important, but the service of the product is also essential. When a product fails, the quality of after-sales customer service is what customers value most, and publicity lies in customer service. It is the embodiment of emotion and respect between people and cannot replace by any product.

    Here are the articles to explain, What does customer services are? for writing a good resume

    Customer Service Specialist: Also known as an Account Manager, in simple terms, is the person who serves customers. Receive customer inquiries, help customers answer their questions, or undertake full-time customer service.

    Classification of customer services;

    Customer service divides into manual customer service and electronic customer service. Which can further subdivide into three categories: text customer service, video customer service, and voice customer service. Text customer service refers to customer service mainly in the form of typing chat, video customer service refers to customer service mainly in the form of voice and video, and voice customer service refers to customer service mainly in the form of mobile phones.

    Customer service generally divides into three categories in business practice, namely: pre-sale service, in-sale service, and after-sale service. Pre-sales service generally refers to a series of activities that an enterprise provides to customers before selling products, such as market research, product design, providing instruction manuals, and providing consulting services.

    In-sale service refers to the service provided by the seller to the buyer in the process of product transaction, such as reception service, commodity packaging service, etc. After-sales service refers to services that associate with the products sold and are beneficial to the characteristics of buyers, including services such as delivery, installation, product return, repair, maintenance, and technical training.

    Customer Service Job Responsibilities;

    • Accept customer inquiries, complaints, suggestions, and opinions, and make records;
    • Collect customer and related market data, establish and manage customer files and information databases;
    • Responsible for business coordination with relevant departments to solve problems raised by customers promptly;
    • Quickly grasp the company’s new policies, and new business, and actively promote the company’s new products during the telephone service process, to encourage customers to have the willing to use the company’s products;
    • Accept business applications and customer complaint calls and accurately record the content of complaints, and generate electronic work orders for businesses that require assistance from other positions and transfer them to the background team;
    • Assist in arranging training materials within the group and coaching junior customer representatives. Participate in various pieces of training to improve overall quality. Participate in various team activities and support team building;
    • For questions or materials that are not in the database, record the content of the question, hand it over to the assistant manager on duty and transfer it to the business team. Collect mobile business information in a timely and accurate manner, strive to learn mobile business knowledge, assist in collecting customer demand information, and put forward suggestions for improvement of service work;
    • Use multi-channel methods (such as phone calls, text messages, emails, etc.) to communicate with customers to achieve service or sales purposes;
    • Do a good job in user consultation and complaint handling, do a good job in reporting and dispatching users’ obstacles, and summarize and feedback on users’ suggestions and opinions;

    Job Requirements

    To be a qualified customer services staff, you should have a rigorous work style, enthusiastic service attitude, skilled business knowledge, positive learning attitude, patient explaining to customers, humble listening to customers’ opinions, etc.

    Full of enthusiasm for work and serious work attitude. To be a qualified customer services staff, only if you love this career can you devote yourself to it. So this is a prerequisite for qualified customer service staff.

    Proficient business knowledge. You should have the proficient business knowledge and keep studying hard. Only if you have mastered all aspects of business knowledge, you can accurately provide users with various services. Such as telephone bill inquiries, business inquiries, business handling, and complaint suggestions. Let customers get better service in satisfaction.

    Answer questions patiently;

    A qualified customer services staff, the core is the attitude to customers. In the process of work, you should maintain a warm and sincere working attitude. While doing a good job of explaining the work, you should be gentle and not arrogant or impetuous. If you encounter problems that customers do not understand or are difficult to explain, you must be patient. Do it again, until the customer satisfies, and always keep the promise of “melting smile into voice” and bringing sincerity to customers. In this way, you can better keep yourself moving forward.

    Good communication and coordination skills;

    Communication ability, especially effective communication ability is a basic quality of customer service staff. Customer service is the work of dealing with customers. Listening to customers, understanding customers, inspiring customers, and guiding customers are the basic skills when we communicate with customers. What kind of service and help do customers need, and where are the complaints and dissatisfaction of customers? Can we find out the problems existing in our company, prescribe the right medicine, and solve customer problems?

    Work content

    Customer data management
    1. Data collection: In the company’s daily marketing work, the collection of customer information is very important to work, which is directly related to the realization of the company’s marketing plan. The collection of customer services data requires customer service specialists to carefully extract customer information files every day to pay attention to the development of these customers.
    2. Data collation: The customer information files extracted by the customer services specialist are submitted to the customer service supervisor. The customer service supervisor arranges the information summary, analyzes and categorizes, assigns special personnel to manage various data, and requires daily updates to avoid omissions.
    3. Data processing: The customer service supervisor is assigned to the relevant customer service specialist by the principle of balancing the number of customers and taking into account business capabilities. The customer in charge of the customer services specialist should communicate with the customer within a week and make a detailed record.
    Conduct irregular return visits to different types of customers

    The needs of customers are constantly changing. Through return visits, we can not only understand the needs of different customers and market consultation but also find out the deficiencies in our work, make timely remedial and adjustments, meet customer needs and improve customer satisfaction.

    Efficient complaint handling

    Improve the complaint handling mechanism, pay attention to the standardization and efficiency of handling customer complaints, and form a closed-loop management process, so that complaints are accepted immediately, results are quickly obtained, and there is a return visit after handling; so that customer complaint can be efficiently and satisfactorily resolved. Create a complaint file.

    Communicate closely with various departments, participate in marketing activities, and assist in market sales. The implementation of telemarketing by an enterprise plays an important role in the success of sales. Which requires customer service specialists to have certain sales business capabilities and master certain business skills.

    Development Path;

    Customer Service Specialist — Customer Service Supervisor — Customer Service Manager

    How to do good customer service?

    The ability to adapt to life without fear

    Customer service staff needs to be resilient. As a customer service agent, you face different customers every day, and many times customers present you with some real challenges. For example, front-line customer service personnel, those who work in hotels, those who work in retail stores, those who are telephone operators, and those who are telephone customer service personnel, may encounter some challenging environments.

    For example, a customer in a retail store complained. Maybe he drank a little wine and smashed the counter when he came in. What should you do as a customer services staff at this time? In this way, why is the customer so unreasonable? Hurry up and call the police, and some very experienced customer service staff can handle this matter safely. This requires a certain amount of resilience. Especially when dealing with some vicious complaints, it is necessary to be calm.

    The ability to withstand setbacks

    Salespeople often encounter some setbacks. What kind of setbacks can the customer service person suffer? For example, will you misunderstand the customer? Will you take anger on the customer service person? Because he has suffered too much, there needs to be an outlet. Therefore, customer service personnel need to have the ability to withstand setbacks.

    Emotional self-control ability

    What do you mean by self-control and the ability to regulate emotions? For example, if you receive 100 customers every day, you may scold by the first customer. So your mood becomes very bad and your mood is low. You don’t go home either, and the 99 customers behind are still waiting for you. At this time, will you transfer the unpleasantness that the first customer brought you to the next customer? This requires you to control your emotions and adjust your emotions. Because for the customer you are always his first. Therefore, the psychological quality of excellent customer service staff is very important.

    The ability to support the full emotional effort

    What is full emotional effort? It is that you provide the best service to every customer. I can’t have reservations, I can’t say it, because I need to laugh at 100 people today. And I guess I won’t be able to laugh for that long, so I should laugh less at the beginning. Is it okay to do customer service? No. You treat your first client with the same passion you need to treat your last client.

    Positive and enterprising, never-give-up mentality ability

    What is a good attitude of being proactive and never giving up? Customer service personnel need to constantly adjust in their jobs. The external ability of customer service personnel must be supported by an internal thing. The most important thing is literacy. So, what qualities do customer service personnel need to have? Take a look at “Qualities Necessary for Customer Service”

    Some people are not service-oriented or their service-oriented is not strong enough. Once they choose a career in customer service, they will be very miserable, because they do not have the initiative to help others, and they will feel very uncomfortable every time they provide service to customers. On the contrary, if you are a person with a strong service orientation, you will find that service is a very happy thing, because you can feel happy by helping others every time, and you will regard the happiness of others as your happiness, take the elimination of other people’s troubles as your own greater happiness.

    How to write a customer services resume?

    First, double-check the written CV for typos, grammar, and punctuation. It’s best to have a good writer review it for you because others are more likely to spot errors than you. Customer service work requires staff to be careful. If there is such a low-level mistake in your resume, it will make HR a bad impression of you, and even cause HR to directly ignore your resume, and you will lose an interview.

    Secondly, keep in mind that your resume must highlight the key points. It is not your autobiography. You should try not to write anything unrelated to the job you are applying for. Experience and experience that are meaningful to the job you are applying for must not miss. So, write about the experiences you’ve had about customer service work. For example, the following experience is good:

    Of course, if you don’t have relevant work experience, you don’t need to be afraid. Let’s take a look at the following requirements for a company’s recruiting customer service:

    • College degree or above from a national unified recruitment institution, with no restrictions on majors;
    • Good image, good temperament, clear articulation, outgoing personality, cheerful and confident;
    • Strong language skills and interpersonal communication skills;
    • More than one year of sales experience or service marketing management experience and traditional advertising industry work experience is preferred;
    • Proficient in using MS-office office software. Computer-level, outstanding graduates are preferred.
    Other things

    From the above description, we can see that the company does not have high requirements for the position of customer service, and students of any major can apply for this position. If it is a voice customer service, “articulate, outgoing, cheerful, and confident” is a must. So how do you reflect that you have the above abilities? You can write that you have served as the host of an activity in the school, participated in the school’s broadcast agency, or actively participated in the performance of various activities in the school.

    These can well reflect that you are suitable for customer service in terms of oral expression and character. Yes; if you are applying for written customer service, you need to highlight your good written expression skills. Such as contributing to the school newspaper, writing some small words, and joining the school’s literary club, all of which can write into your resume. For example, Some customer service positions require face-to-face communication with customers.

    At this time, you may require to have a “good image and good temperament”. Attaching a formal job search photo can bring a lot of extra points to your resume. Of course, If your appearance is more “graceful”, it is recommended not to attach photos, and the best job position is a customer service position that does not communicate with customer service face-to-face, to avoid reducing your chances of interviewing yourself due to some inherent disadvantages.

    Customer Services for easy writing a good resume Image
    Customer Services for easy writing a good resume; Photo by Amy Hirschi on Unsplash.
  • How to Development of Human Resource in an Organization?

    How to Development of Human Resource in an Organization?

    Learned, explaining, the Development of Human Resource in an Organization!

    What is Development? The systematic use of scientific and technical knowledge to meet specific objectives or requirements. As well as, An extension of the theoretical or practical aspects of a concept, design, discovery, or invention. The process of economic and social transformation that is based on complex cultural and environmental factors and their interactions. Also, The process of adding improvements to a parcel of land, such as grading, subdivisions, drainage, access, roads, utilities. Also learn, the Inductive Method of Economics, How to Development of Human Resource in an Organization?

    Benefits/ Advantages of Human Resource Development:

    • Development of current employees reduces the company’s dependence on hiring new workers.
    • If employees are developed, the job openings are more likely to fill internally.
    • Promotions and transfers also show employees that they have a career, not just a job.
    • The employer benefits from increased continuity in operations and from employees who feel the greater commitment to the firm.
    • Increase the productivity of employees.
    • It helps in the career development of organization and employees too.

    Human resource development is also an effective way to meet several challenges, includes:

    1. Employee obsolescence!

    • Obsolescence results when an employee no longer possesses the knowledge or abilities needed to perform successfully.Or
    • It may result from a person’s failure to adapt to new technology, new procedures, and other changes. Also, The more rapidly the environment changes, the more likely it is that employees will become obsolete.
    • Employers are reluctant to take strong action and fire an obsolete employee, particularly employees who have been with the company a long time.
    • Proactively assessing the needs of employees and giving them programs to develop new skills can avoid employee obsolescence.
    • If these programs are designed reactively, after obsolescence occurs, they are less effective and more costly.
    • When an employee reaches a career plateau, obsolescence may be more likely.
    • A career plateau occurs when an employee does well enough no to be demoted or fired but not so well that s/he is likely to promote.
    • Motivation to stay current may reduce when an employee realizes that s/he is a career plateau.

    2. International & Domestic Workforce Diversity:

    • Workforce diversity causes many organizations to redesign their development programs.
    • Role-playing and behavior modeling are more effective ways to train and develop employees for facing the challenges the workforce diversity.

    3. Technological change:

    • Rapid changes in technology require the firms to engage in nearly continuous improvement.
    • Technological changes having a profound impact on training and development increases the need to assess the developmental requirements of current and future managers, professional and technical peoples.

    4. Development, EEO and affirmative action:

    Training and development activities must conduct in such a way that they do not discriminate against protected classes. Also, How is important change Management the Success of a Business?

    5. Employee Turnover:

    • Turnover – the willingness of employees to leave one organization for another.
    • Departures are largely unpredictable, development activities must prepare employees to succeed those who leave.
    • Some employer with excellent development programs finds that training programs contribute to employee turnover. Therefore, they are reluctant to invest money in workers who may then take their new skills to a new job at a higher-paying competitor.
    • After evaluating the importance of training and development programs, the organizations realize that it is better to have some trained employee who may leave than to have an untrained workforce that says.

    How to Development of Human Resource in an Organization - ilearnlot
    Photo Credit to Pixaby, More free Images, Also, Thanks!

  • How to Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months?

    How to Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months?

    How to Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months?

    Going by the previous year’s schedule, CAT will be conducted in the first week of December. That leaves roughly 4 or 5 months/150 days for preparation. CAT is the one stop solution for all such students who dream of getting an MBA degree from one of the best management institutes in India. To top it, CAT score is not just accepted by IIMs but by many other good B-schools. Though CAT is not deemed as a tough exam but is tricky to clear.

    Students who have cleared the exam in the past, claim that the exam is not tough but requires careful and strategic planning in order to clear it. Here we will discuss what should be the preparation strategy for students who will begin preparing for CAT exam now.

    Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months

    How to Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months?

    According to many experts and students who have cleared CAT earlier, this is the right time to prepare for CAT exam.

    The first 2-3 months should be devoted to learning the basic concepts and brushing up the fundamentals of the topics. During this time, it would be a good practice to pick up mock tests and previous year question papers and begin solving them. In the beginning, the frequency of solving mock tests should be one to two in a week. This way, not only will you be able to analyze where you are in terms of your knowledge, you will also get to measure your progress as you go along with your preparation.

    Contrary to popular opinion you do not need to study for 8-12 hours every day. Even 4-hour study duration is enough, given that you are focused and attentive toward what you study.

    You will also need to categorize the topics to be covered as most difficult, difficult, moderate and easy. This will help you in a directed preparation and hone your strong topics and work harder on the weak ones.

    Learn more than one method to solve a question. During the exam, knowing more than one way of solving a question will help you in solving questions more accurately. Accuracy is one of the key factors in scoring a high percentile in CAT exam.

    While preparation makes sure that you pay equal attention to all the three sections. Sometimes students who are good in English, pay less attention to preparing for VRC section and end up scoring badly despite having a strong grasp on the language.

    Make a routine and schedule for studying and stick to it. Incorporating CAT preparation in and as your daily schedule will help you stick to your goal and will deliver desired end result.

    Toward the last phase of your preparation, do not start learning new topics. The last phase especially the weeks leading up to the exam day should be devoted to solving mock tests entirely. During this time you should be solving at least two mocks in a day.

    Many Cat toppers swear by mock test solving and have said that solving mock tests helped them get in the right mind frame and solving CAT questions while sticking to the rules of the exam became second nature to them.

    How to Preparation of CAT Exams in 4 or 5 months?

  • Requirement for CAT Application Eligibility

    Requirement for CAT Application Eligibility

    The requirement for CAT Application Eligibility

    CAT will be conducted by IIM Lucknow. While there is still time left before the official notification is out and the real race begins, why not go through the eligibility requirements essential for appearing in the exam. In general terms, anyone with a graduate degree can appear for the CAT exam. However, there are certain other conditions which must be fulfilled or else a candidate will be disqualified from appearing in the exam. There is also an important question of work experience and if it is an essential requirement for CAT or not.

    While understanding the eligibility requirement is fairly easy, sometimes students are at loggerheads with what is considered as a degree equivalent to a graduate degree. Also, students are often under the impression, that it is compulsory to have some work experience before they appear for CAT exam. In this article, we will explain both academic eligibility and the question of work experience.

    CAT Eligibility Criteria

    • A candidate applying for CAT exam must have a Bachelor’s degree in any discipline with 50% marks or equivalent CGPA.
    • The minimum percentage required for candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), and Persons with Disability (PWD) category is 45% or equivalent CGPA.
    • The degree must have bone obtained from a university incorporated by an Act of Parliament or State Legislature in India or institution recognized by UGC or must possess an equivalent recognition from MHRD, Government of India.
    • Candidate’s appearing in the final year of their qualifying examination can also appear for the CAT exam on the condition that they produce a certificate issued by the Principal/Registrar of their university/institute stating that they have completed all the degree requirements at the time of their admission.
    • Candidates who have completed CA/CS/ICWA can also apply. The percentage requirement for these candidates will be same as mentioned in the points above.
    • The candidate must hold a Bachelor’s Degree, with at least 50% marks or equivalent CGPA (45% in case of the candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST) and Persons with Disability (PWD)/Differently Able (DA) category) awarded by any of the Universities incorporated by an act of the central or state legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification recognized by the Ministry of HRD, Government of India.
    • The percentage of marks obtained by the candidate in the bachelor’s degree would be calculated based on the practice followed by the university/institution from where the candidate has obtained the degree. In case the candidates are awarded grades/CGPA instead of marks, the conversion of grades/CGPA to percentage of marks would be based on the procedure certified by the university/ institution from where they have obtained the bachelor’s degree. In case the university/ institution does not have any scheme for converting CGPA into equivalent marks, the equivalence would be established by dividing the candidate’s CGPA by the maximum possible CGPA and multiplying the result with 100.
    • Candidates appearing for the final year of bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification examination and those who have completed degree requirements and are awaiting results can also apply. If selected, such candidates will be allowed to join the programme provisionally, only if she/he submits a certificate latest by before July or August from the Principal/Registrar of her/his College/Institute (issued on) stating that the candidate has completed all the requirements for obtaining the bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification on the date of the issue of the certificate.
    • IIMs may verify eligibility at various stages of the selection process, the details of which are provided at the website www.iimcat.ac.in. Applicants should note that the mere fulfillment of minimum eligibility criteria will not ensure consideration for shortlisting by IIMs. Prospective candidates must maintain a valid and unique email account and a phone number throughout the selection process.

    List of Equivalent Qualifications

    1. Bachelor’s degree in Engineering/Technology (4 years after 10+2/Post B.Sc./Post Diploma ) or B.E/B.Tech equivalent examinations, of Professional Societies, recognized by MHRD/UPSC/AICTE (e.g. AMIE by Institution of Engineers -India, AMICE by the Institute of Civil Engineers-India).

    2. Any Qualification recognized by Association of Indian Universities New Delhi, which is equivalent to a Bachelor’s Degree awarded by UGC recognized University/Institutions.

    3. Cases not covered above equivalency certificate to be produced by Association of Indian Universities New Delhi.

    Reservations

    • As per the Government of India requirements, 15% of the seats are reserved for Scheduled Caste (SC) and 7.5% for Scheduled Tribe (ST) candidates. 27% of seats are reserved for Other Backward Classes candidates belonging to the “non- creamy” layer (NC – OBC).
    • For an updated central list of state – wise OBCs eligible for availing the benefit of reservation and information in respect of the creamy layer, visit the website http://www.ncbc.nic.in.
    • In the case of NC – OBC category, the castes included in Central List (available at http://www.ncbc.nic.in) of NC – OBC by the National Commission of Backward Classes, Government of India as on last day of registration will be used. Any subsequent changes will not be effective for CAT.
    • As per the provision under section 39 of the PWD Act, 1995, 3% seats are reserved for Differently Abled (DA) candidates. The three categories of disability are – 1) low vision blindness, 2) hearing impairment and 3) Locomotor disability/Cerebral Palsy. This provision is applicable if the candidate suffers from any of the listed disabilities to the extent of not less than 40%, as certified by a medical authority as prescribed and explained in the said Act.
    • The candidates belonging to categories for which seats are reserved need to note and read the eligibility requirements carefully before applying. It should be noted that while it is the endeavor of IIMs that the candidates belonging to SC/ST/PWD/Non – Creamy OBC categories join the Programme in proportions mandated by the law, they have to meet the minimum eligibility criteria and a certain minimum level of performance in the admission process.
    • The candidates should read carefully the description of admission process followed by each IIM on their respective websites. No change in the category will be entertained after the closure of registration window. Hence, applicants are advised to give attention while registering.

    Note for SC/ST, NC- OBC, and DA Candidates

    • If you belong to SC or ST categories, your caste/tribe must be listed in the Government of India schedule. The caste certificate that you send to IIM should be in the Government approved format and should clearly state: (a) Name of your caste/tribe; (b) Whether you belong to Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe; (c) District and the State or Union Territory of your ordinary residence; and (d) the appropriate Government of India schedule under which your caste/tribe is approved by it as Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe.
    • A copy of the SC/ST and /or PWD (DA) certificate(s) must be uploaded at the time of CAT Application online. Failure to upload a copy of the caste/class certificate will result in the rejection of your CAT registration.
    • The SC/ST and/or PWD (DA) certificate(s) must be shown and a photocopy should be submitted at the time of interviews. Moreover, the certificate(s) must be submitted at the time of joining programs of any of the IIMs.
    • If you belong to the Non – Creamy Other Backward Classes (NC – OBC), you must produce the NC – OBC certificate duly signed by the competent authority and enclose its photocopy at the time of interviews. Moreover, the certificate must be submitted at the time of joining programs of any of the IIMs. Failure to do so during the post CAT selection process will result in you not being considered under the reserved category.

    Work Experience Requirement

    Having a prior work experience is not a compulsory requirement for candidates appearing in CAT. The application form does ask for work experience details but it is not mandatory.

    However, during the final selection of candidates, work experience is given some weight-age by the IIMs. The exact weight-age given to work experience is never revealed by the IIMs but it varies from IIM to IIM.

    The bottom line is that work experience does not come into play till the last stage of final selection and even then it does not play a deciding factor. IIMs have been known to have a mixed batch comprising of both fresh graduates and students with work experience.

    Requirement for CAT Application Eligibility