Tag: Manager

Optim Performance Manager improve efficiency
An Optim Performance Manager enhances organizational performance by optimizing resource utilization and aligning activities with business goals. Discover its key processes, benefits, challenges, and best practices for effective implementation.

What is the Optim Performance Manager?

An Optim Performance Manager is a tool or system designed to monitor and enhance an organization’s performance. It focuses on improving resource utilization, aligning activities with business goals, and fostering efficiency through data analysis, strategic planning, and continuous monitoring to drive better decision-making and operational effectiveness.

Definition

An Optim Performance Manager is a system or tool developed to monitor, analyze, and enhance the performance of organizations, processes, and projects. Its primary objective is to optimize resource utilization, ensuring alignment with business objectives while improving overall efficiency and effectiveness. This tool often incorporates a variety of features and technologies to provide insights that help businesses stay competitive.

Process
1. Assessment: The initial phase involves a thorough evaluation of current performance metrics across different processes and resources. This includes understanding baseline performance and identifying key performance indicators (KPIs) that can measure success.
2. Analysis: After gathering data from the assessment phase, the next step is to analyze the information. This involves identifying gaps, bottlenecks, and areas that need improvement. Using data analytics, trends can spotted that may not be visible through standard reporting.
3. Planning: Based on the insights drawn from the analysis, a strategic plan developed. This plan details specific actions to taken, resources required, and timelines for implementation. It’s essential to engage with stakeholders at this stage to ensure alignment and buy-in.
4. Implementation: With a plan in place, the next phase is execution. This involves systematically deploying the optimization strategies while ensuring that the teams involved understand their roles. Effective communication throughout this phase is crucial to prevent disruptions.
5. Monitoring: Continuously tracking performance against the established benchmarks is vital for understanding the effectiveness of the implemented changes. The monitoring tools often provide real-time insights, enabling quick responses to any emerging issues.
6. Review: Finally, a regular review process should established to assess the impact of the changes made. This includes comparing outcomes against the defined goals and refining strategies based on feedback and performance data. Iterative reviews foster a culture of ongoing improvement.
Importance

The importance of an Optim Performance Manager can be highlighted through several key aspects:
- Efficiency: By continuously enhancing the efficiency of processes, organizations can significantly reduce operational costs and improve their bottom line. Streamlined processes often lead to quicker turnaround times and increased customer satisfaction.
- Decision-Making: Informed decision-making is crucial in today’s fast-paced business environment. An Optim Performance Manager provides data-driven insights that aid leaders in making strategic decisions based on factual evidence rather than intuition.
- Goal Alignment: This system ensures that resources are allocated in a manner that aligns with the organization’s broader objectives, facilitating a cohesive approach to achieving overall business goals.
- Adaptability: In a rapidly changing marketplace, the ability to adapt is critical. An Optim Performance Manager equips organizations with the agility needed to respond to shifts in customer preferences or market conditions effectively.
Features

The features of an Optim Performance Manager often include:
- Real-Time Monitoring: It offers the ability to continuously track performance metrics in real time, enabling immediate identification of issues.
- Data Analytics: Advanced analytics tools are integrated to interpret performance data comprehensively, helping to uncover hidden trends and causations that may impact performance.
- Reporting Tools: The system generates detailed reports for stakeholders, providing them with insights into process efficiencies and areas for improvement. Customizable reports can cater to various organizational levels.
- User-Friendly Interface: A well-designed, user-friendly interface ensures easy access to performance metrics for all staff levels, promoting widespread adoption among users regardless of their technical expertise.
Advantages

Some of the primary advantages of using an Optim Performance Manager are:
- Enhanced Performance: Organizations can drive improved performance levels through systematic enhancements, fostering a culture focused on productivity and efficiency.
- Informed Decisions: Data-backed insights empower stakeholders and management with the information needed to make timely and effective decisions, reducing uncertainty and risk.
- Resource Optimization: By aligning resources with strategic priorities, organizations can maximize their potential, leading to better outcomes and significant cost savings.
- Continuous Improvement: The establishment of a culture focused on ongoing evaluation and adaptation encourages teams to continually seek ways to enhance processes and performance.
Disadvantages

However, there are also challenges associated with implementing an Optim Performance Manager:
- Implementation Costs: The initial setup, training, and ongoing maintenance can be substantial, posing a potential financial burden to organizations, especially smaller ones.
- Complexity: Many systems can be complex and may require significant training and adjustment for staff to effectively utilize the new tools and processes.
- Data Overload: The risk of overwhelming users with excessive data exists, which can lead to analysis paralysis if not managed properly. It’s important to provide clear and actionable insights.
- Resistance to Change: Employees may resist new implementations, leading to challenges in adaptation and integration into existing workflows.
Solutions

To overcome these disadvantages, organizations can implement several solutions:
- Training Programs: Comprehensive training sessions should be established to ease the transition and ensure that all staff members are equipped to use the system efficiently.
- Simplified Dashboards: Creating user-friendly dashboards that present data clearly can help simplify the user experience and focus on the most relevant performance indicators.
- Feedback Mechanisms: Establishing communication channels for feedback allows continuous improvement of the system based on user experience and recommendations.
- Scalable Solutions: Selecting scalable systems allows organizations to grow with their needs, ensuring long-term viability without requiring excessive overhauls of systems in the future.
Best Practices

To maximize the effectiveness of an Optim Performance Manager, organizations should adhere to the following best practices:
1. Set Clear Objectives: Establishing clear, measurable goals from the outset ensures that the optimization efforts remain focused and relevant.
2. Engage Stakeholders: Involve relevant stakeholders early in the process to facilitate buy-in and ensure alignment across the organization.
3. Utilize Metrics Wisely: Identify and track the most relevant performance metrics to ensure actionable insights are generated from the data collected.
4. Regular Reviews: Conduct routine performance reviews to assess progress and make necessary adjustments, reinforcing a cycle of continuous improvement.
5. Foster a Culture of Improvement: Encourage a mindset focused on learning and development, allowing teams to feel empowered to suggest and implement enhancements.
By following these guidelines, organizations can effectively implement and benefit from an Optim Performance Manager, leading to enhanced operational efficiency, improved strategic focus, and ultimately, more successful business outcomes.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is an Optim Performance Manager?

An Optim Performance Manager is a tool or system designed to monitor and enhance an organization’s performance by optimizing resource utilization and aligning activities with business goals.

2. How does the Optim Performance Manager improve efficiency?

By continuously assessing and analyzing performance metrics, the tool identifies areas for improvement, enabling organizations to streamline processes, reduce operational costs, and enhance overall efficiency.

3. What are the key phases involved in the Optim Performance Manager process?

The key phases include Assessment, Analysis, Planning, Implementation, Monitoring, and Review, each contributing to the systematic enhancement of organizational performance.

4. What features should I look for in an Optim Performance Manager?

Look for features such as real-time monitoring, data analytics, customizable reporting tools, and a user-friendly interface, all of which facilitate effective performance management.

5. What are the advantages of using an Optim Performance Manager?

Advantages include enhanced performance, informed decision-making based on data, optimized resource allocation, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement.

6. Are there any disadvantages to implementing an Optim Performance Manager?

Yes, potential disadvantages include high implementation costs, system complexity, data overload, and possible employee resistance to change.

7. How can organizations overcome the challenges associated with an Optim Performance Manager?

Organizations can implement training programs, create simplified dashboards, establish feedback mechanisms, and choose scalable solutions to address these challenges effectively.

8. What are some best practices for using an Optim Performance Manager?

Best practices include setting clear objectives, engaging stakeholders, utilizing relevant metrics, conducting regular reviews, and fostering a culture of improvement within the organization.

9. How can an Optim Performance Manager impact decision-making?

By providing data-driven insights, an Optim Performance Manager aids leaders in making informed strategic decisions, reducing uncertainty and risk in the business environment.

10. Is training necessary for effective use of an Optim Performance Manager?

Yes, training is essential to ensure all staff members are equipped to use the system efficiently and to minimize resistance to the implementation of new processes.
January 29, 2025
The modern role of marketing manager: How to be Know
The role of a modern marketing manager has evolved significantly in response to the ever-changing digital landscape. Today, marketing managers are responsible for developing and executing comprehensive strategies that drive business growth and meet the needs of a highly connected consumer base. They play a crucial role in shaping brand identity, increasing visibility, and fostering customer engagement.

Understanding the modern role of the marketing manager

One of the primary responsibilities of a current marketing manager is conducting market analysis. This involves researching target audiences, analyzing customer behavior, and monitoring competitors’ activities. By gaining insights into these areas, marketing managers can develop effective strategies that resonate with their target customers.

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Strategy development is another key aspect of the modern marketing manager’s role. They create comprehensive marketing plans that align with the business goals and target audience insights. This includes deciding on the most suitable marketing channels, crafting compelling messaging, and allocating budgets.

Campaign management is also a crucial responsibility. Marketing managers oversee the implementation of marketing campaigns across various channels, such as digital advertising, social media, email marketing, content marketing, and events. They ensure that campaigns are executed smoothly and effectively to maximize their impact.

Brand management is another vital component of the modern marketing manager’s role. They are responsible for maintaining consistent brand messaging and positioning across all marketing activities and materials. This involves managing brand guidelines, monitoring brand perception, and proactively managing brand reputation.

Currently roles

In today’s digital age, digital marketing plays a crucial role in marketing strategies. Marketing managers utilize digital tools and technologies to reach and engage with target audiences. This includes managing websites, optimizing search engine visibility, leveraging social media platforms, and using data analytics for decision-making.

Collaboration is key for a modern marketing manager. They work closely with cross-functional teams such as product development, sales, and creative teams to ensure alignment and integration of marketing efforts. By collaborating effectively, marketing managers can enhance the impact of their strategies and drive overall business growth.

Performance tracking and analysis is another important responsibility. Marketing managers monitor campaign performance, measure key metrics, analyze data, and make data-driven decisions to optimize marketing strategies and tactics. This continuous monitoring and analysis help them stay agile and adapt their approach as needed.

Lastly, customer relationship management is crucial for a modern marketing manager. They develop and implement strategies to attract, retain, and nurture customer relationships. This may involve customer segmentation, personalized marketing initiatives, and customer journey mapping to create tailored experiences for different customer segments.

8 The modern role of the marketing manager

The role of a modern marketing manager encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. They are responsible for developing and executing marketing strategies to promote products or services, increase brand awareness, and meet business objectives. Some key tasks include:
1. Market analysis: Conducting market research, identifying target audiences, and analyzing customer behavior and competitors’ activities.
2. Strategy development: Creating comprehensive marketing plans that align with the business goals and target audience insights. This includes deciding on marketing channels, messaging, and budget allocation.
3. Campaign management: Overseeing the implementation of marketing campaigns across various channels, such as digital advertising, social media, email marketing, content marketing, and events.
4. Brand management: Ensuring consistent brand messaging and positioning across all marketing activities and materials. This involves maintaining brand guidelines, monitoring brand perception, and managing brand reputation.
5. Digital marketing: Utilizing digital tools and technologies to reach and engage with target audiences. This includes managing websites, optimizing search engine visibility, leveraging social media platforms, and utilizing data analytics for decision-making.
6. Collaboration: Working closely with cross-functional teams such as product development, sales, and creative teams to ensure alignment and integration of marketing efforts.
7. Performance tracking and analysis: Monitoring campaign performance, measuring key marketing metrics, analyzing data, and making data-driven decisions to optimize marketing strategies and tactics.
8. Customer relationship management: Developing and implementing strategies to attract, retain, and nurture customer relationships. This may include customer segmentation, personalized marketing initiatives, and customer journey mapping.
The modern marketing manager must keep up with evolving technologies, consumer trends, and industry best practices to effectively drive marketing success in today’s digital landscape.

Bottom line

The role of a modern marketing manager has evolved to meet the demands of the digital age. They are responsible for conducting market analysis, developing comprehensive strategies, managing marketing campaigns, maintaining brand consistency, utilizing digital tools, collaborating with cross-functional teams, tracking performance, and implementing customer relationship management strategies. They must stay up-to-date with technology and industry trends to drive marketing success in today’s digital landscape.
July 29, 2023
How to see the best features of managers

10 the best features of managers, Some people may puzzle by this fact. We know that most of the performance of managers do not create by themselves. But through cooperation with others (including subordinates, colleagues, customers, etc.), or even “borrowing the power of others” to create. Knowing this, the facts mentioned above are not difficult to understand.

Here are the articles to explain, What are the features of managers?

For some time, the author has carefully paid attention to some managers who have worked very well in management positions and analyzed and summarized ten common features of thinking and behavior. Now, I would like to share it with you and hope to bring some inspiration to the features of managers.

Be calm, but not indecisive

Excellent managers have the features of calmness in dealing with things. They are good at considering multiple aspects of things or various stakeholders involved in problems and are not easy to act impulsively.

Good managers are calm, but not indecisive, and they tend to make decisions or articulate. Their point of view after careful thought. Managers with this characteristic can often make things or problems dealt with more appropriately. And at the same time helps to form good interpersonal relationships.

Do things seriously, but do not seek “perfection” in everything

Great managers know that doing business is not the same as doing research. Scientific research focuses on the pursuit of rigor and excellence; business focuses on the pursuit of efficiency and input-output ratio.

Great managers do things very carefully. But they also know very well what needs to be “perfect” (perfect) and what is “almost” (basic standards). Managers with this characteristic tend to get things “right” and create value more easily than the average person.

Pay attention to details, but not stick to subsections

Excellent managers are good at paying attention to the details of things and are good at observing people and things around them. They are good at grasping the crux of the problem and “killing” the problem in the bud.

Great managers are good at paying attention to details. But they don’t get too caught up in the little things. And they don’t care about the little faults or mistakes of others. Managers with this characteristic can often greatly reduce the occurrence of “problems”, and the daily management work will be orderly.

Negotiate and arrange work, rarely issue orders

Managers are not “overwatches” who give orders. A manager who can make subordinates “follow” actively depends on his (her) personal charisma and leadership, rather than his (her) “right” in his or her hands.

Great managers rarely give orders to their subordinates. They often use the method of consultation with subordinates to arrange and arrange work. Managers with these features can often make their subordinates truly “willingly” complete the assigned tasks. Such managers can often create a harmonious and united team atmosphere.

Care for subordinates, know how to cherish talents, and love talents

Excellent managers are good at respecting and caring for their subordinates. They often regard their colleagues as “brothers” and know how to cherish and cherish the “comrades-in-arms” who get along with them day and night and work hard together. Managers with such features often make their subordinates feel “at home”, and also make everyone more active, more active, and without regrets.

Be tolerant of others and be willing to tolerate

Excellent managers are broad-minded, tolerant, and tolerant of others. They are good at heart-to-heart, good at considering the difficulties and interests of others, and good at “digging up thorns and planting roses”. Managers with these features often easy to form good interpersonal relationships, and can often get the most sincere support and help from others when needed.

Strictly self-discipline and convince others with actions

Excellent managers do not allow themselves to be independent of various rules and regulations. They often practice and set an example, and use their actual actions to influence and drive the people around them. Managers with these features tend to “be upright and do what they are told.”

Be honest and be the same inside and outside

Great managers are honest and true to themselves. They tend to treat people equally and do things fairly and justly. There is no black box operation; nor will it “smear candied fruit” in person or “stab a knife” in the back. Managers with these features tend to make people feel “safe” and can fully trust others.

Humble and prudent, good at learning

Great managers do not use their existing knowledge and skills as management capital. They tend to be modest and cautious and are willing to learn from their superiors, colleagues, and subordinates. Managers with these features tend to have relatively strong capabilities and can continuously improve their capabilities.

Not satisfied with the status quo, but not divorced from reality

Excellent managers do not satisfied with their current performance, they all have lofty goals and pursuits. They do not satisfied with the status quo, but they will never divorce from reality. Also, they are always striving for higher and farther goals step by step. They know very well what their future will be like, and what is the future they imagine.

What skills and features should a production manager have?

Among all the job contents and job categories within the enterprise, although various jobs and various positions. Their own merits in the requirements for relevant professional knowledge and skills. The position of human resources manager is a position that requires the highest personal character. Because human work is the most complex and delicate work and needs to be fully devoted to it with a refined mentality. I think a good human resource manager needs to have the following qualities.

Fairness, Faithfulness, Firmness, and Brave Willpower

Fairness is the most important quality.

For human resource managers. Only with justice can we be selfless, and have the open-mindedness of “selfless world and earth wide”. And can have the courage to “exercise without avoiding relatives, and without avoiding hatred outside.” Only with the quality of justice can we objectively treat human beings Evaluate and determine. So that when selecting, recommending, and using talents. We can not confuse and control by various illusory illusions, and adhere to the principle of “only talents are used”.

Loyalty refers to maintaining loyalty and trust in the enterprise and the handling of interpersonal relationships.

Only with faithfulness can we take corporate interests as the criterion in the construction of human resources and ensure the principle of fairness. Only faithfulness can make oneself establish a noble personal character, maintain attractiveness in interpersonal relationships, establish extensive and good social and interpersonal relationships, and ensure contact, discovery, and absorption of all kinds of outstanding talents that enterprises and organizations need.

Strong and brave willpower.

People are the most complex resource of all resources. Human nature is unpredictable, and the establishment, selection, and use of talents are also difficult. Therefore, an excellent human resources manager must have firm and courageous willpower. So that he can bear the pressure and challenges from all aspects of the construction process of human resources and carry out his work to adhere to the principles of fairness and loyalty.

Correct and comprehensive understanding of human nature and extensive knowledge

One of the main features and responsibilities of human resource managers is to find, confirm and select talents needed by enterprises or organizations for enterprises or organizations. Then, only with a correct and comprehensive understanding of human nature, and the ability to analyze and analyze human nature, can we fully understand the features of human nature, understand people’s social and physiological needs, and the abnormal behaviors that occur when the needs are not met.

The ability to understand other people’s psychology through appearance, and possess the necessary practical working ability such as keen observation ability, judgment, love, and patience, to ensure the correct analysis and judgment of the character and ability of talents, to ensure the correct analysis and judgment of talents. Efficiency and success in finding, judging, and choosing. With extensive social science knowledge, on the one hand, they can make full use of various social science knowledge or methods to provide technical guarantees for the analysis and judgment of human nature.

On the other hand, a person in charge of human resources needs to get along with people from different majors and fields at the same time. Broad social science knowledge helps to improve the verification and judgment of various talents and talents at different levels. It is also conducive to human resources to establish extensive social relations and to create conditions for the construction of human resource pools required by enterprises or organizations.

Affinity and excellent interpersonal skills

Only with affinity can you maintain good interpersonal relationships, be able to approach and understand others, and have the opportunity to listen to different voices and discover the truth hidden beneath the surface of things. The real needs and opinions are in the deep inner consciousness buried under the appearance of people. Therefore, having affinity is especially important for human resource managers.

For any manager, it is necessary to be “good at listening to the voices that others cannot hear and seeing things that others cannot see”, and for human resources managers. It is even more important to have voices that can hear and seen by everyone. Get things, to discover the ability to listen to more different things and voices. Affinity is an important guarantee for the effective use of this ability. Human resources are one of the essential elements of productivity.

In addition to ensuring that the human resources of the enterprise or organization are well-structured, the person in charge of human resources also shoulders the responsibility of ensuring the effective use of human resources in the enterprise or organization. Therefore, human resource managers features must have excellent interpersonal skills, and make full and effective use of such skills, to improve corporate and organizational cohesion through the reasonable construction, collocation, adjustment, and reserve of human resources, and through good and effective communication skills To assist enterprises or organizations to resolve internal conflicts, to ensure that human resources can fully play a role in the factors of production.

How to see the best features of managers; Photo by airfocus on Unsplash.

September 18, 2022
6 Importance of Consumer Behaviour in Marketing
Understanding the importance of consumer behaviour in marketing or any organization before launching a product. If the organization failed to analyze how a customer will respond to a particular product, the company will face losses. Consumer behaviour is very complex because each consumer has a different mind and attitude towards the purchase, consumption, and disposal of products.

Here are the articles to explain, the Importance of Consumer Behaviour in Marketing!

Understanding the theories and concepts of consumer behaviour helps to market the product or services successfully. Moreover, studying consumer behaviour helps in many aspects. As there is constant change in living standards, trends, fashion, and technology change. Consumers’ attitude toward the purchase of product varies. Understanding these factors is of utmost importance because the marketing of products is largely dependent on these factors.

What is the Importance of Consumer Behaviour in Marketing? This essay discusses the value to marketers of understanding the importance of consumer behaviour concepts and theories in marketing.

Meaning and Definition of Consumer Behaviour;

Consumer Behaviour or Buyer Behaviour is referred to the behaviour. That is displayed by the individual while they are buying, consuming, or disposing of any particular product or service. These behaviors can be affected by multiple factors. Moreover, it also involves searching for a product and evaluating of product where the consumer evaluates different features, purchases, and consumption of the product. Later the post-purchase behavior of the product is studied. Which shows consumer satisfaction or dissatisfaction where it involves the disposal of the product.

The customers while buying a product go through many steps. The study of consumer behaviour helps to understand how buying decision is made and how they look for a product. Moreover, understanding consumer behaviour also helps marketers to know the what, where, when, how, and why of the consumption of product consumption. These help marketers or organizations to know the reason behind the purchase of products by consumers and how it satisfies them. Among other factors, basic needs like shelter and hunger along with a craving for psychological fulfillment tends consumer to buy a certain product or service.

Importance of Consumer Behaviour to business managers in marketing;

The main purpose behind marketing a product is to satisfy the demands and wants of the Consumers. The study of consumer behavior helps to achieve this purpose. As consumers are the most important person for marketers or salespeople. Therefore they need to consider the likes and dislikes of the consumers so that they can provide them with the goods and services accordingly. The more careful analysis helps in more exact prediction about the behavior of consumers of any product or service. The study of consumer behaviors helps business managers, salespeople, and marketers in the following way.
- To design the best possible product or service that fully satisfies consumers’ needs and demands.
- Decide where the service or product would be made available for easy access to consumers.
- Decide the price at which the consumers would be ready to buy that product or service.
- To find out the best method of promotion. That will prove to be effective to attract customers to buy a product.
- To understand why, when, how, what, and other factors that influence buying decisions of the consumers.
Importance of Consumer Behaviour to Marketers in marketing;

Marketers need to study consumer behaviour. They need to know consumers as individuals or groups opt for, purchase, consumer, or dispose of products and services and how they share their experiences to satisfy their wants or needs. This helps marketers to investigate and understand how consumers behave. So that they can position their products to a specific group of people or targeted individuals.

From the marketer’s viewpoint, they assume that the basic purpose of marketing is to sell goods and services to more people so that more profit could be made. This principle of making profits is heavily applied by almost all marketers. Earlier, marketers were successful in accomplishing their purpose. However, today, consumers are more aware of the use of products and other information about the product. It is not easy to sell or attract customers to buy the product. Thus, to sell a product or service or to convince consumers to buy the product. The marketers have to undergo proper research to win them over.

The following are some of the points discussed that explain the value to marketers of understanding and applying consumer behaviour concepts and theories.
1. Understand Buying Behaviour of consumers
2. Create and retain customers through online stores
3. Understand the factors influencing Consumer’s Buying Behaviour
4. Understand the consumer’s decision to dispose of a product or services
5. Increasing the knowledge of salesperson influence consumer to buy the product
6. To help marketers to the sale of products and create focused marketing strategies
To understand Buying Behaviour of consumers;

The study of consumer behaviour helps marketers to recognize and forecast the purchase behavior of consumers while they are purchasing a product. The study of consumer behavior helps marketers not only to understand what consumers purchase but helps to understand why they purchase it. Moreover, other questions like how, where, and when they purchase it are also answered. The consumption and the reasons behind the disposition of that particular product or service help marketers to be fully aware of the product that is marketed.

Consumer behavior studies also help marketers to understand the post-purchase behavior of the consumers. Thus, marketers become fully aware of every phase of the consumption process i.e., pre-purchase behavior, behavior during purchase, and post-purchase behavior. Many studies in the past show that each consumer behaves differently toward a product i.e. They buy the product for different reasons, pay different prices, used the product differently, and have different emotional attachments with the product.

To create and retain customers through online stores;

Professor Theodore Levitt says that consumer behavior is of most importance to marketers in business studies as the main aim is to create and retain customers. If the consumers are satisfied with the product, he or they will buy the same product again. Therefore, the product should be marketed by markers in such a way that convince the customer to buy the product. Thus, creating customers and retaining those customers are important.

These can be done through understanding and paying close attention to the consumer’s behavior. While making a purchase decision or buying a product in the marketplace. Moreover, the information published on the websites largely influences the customer’s buying behavior. Such information on published sources arouses consumers to buy a product or service. Moreover, updating such information will help the consumer to retain a product or re-try the product. If the product has dissatisfied them.

To understand the factors influencing Consumer’s Buying Behaviour;

Marketers need to consider the factors that affect the buying behavior of consumers before entering the market. Many factors can influence the purchase decision of consumers such as social influence, cultural influences, psychological factors, and personal factors. Understanding these factors helps marketers to market the product at the right time to the right consumers. For example, if the marketer is marketing a Halal product. The marketers first consider all the factors that can influence consumers to buy Halal products. Where they can target specific areas where Halal food is more sold.

Marketers need to pay attention to cultural influences such as religion, values, and norms of the people or societies targeted, and the lifestyle of the targeted consumers. The marketers can propose different strategies that convince the targeted consumers to buy marketed products or services. Moreover, marketers should ascertain the factors that influence and affects the purchase decision of consumers.

If the marketers failed to understand the factors that might influence consumers. They will fail to convince the consumer to purchase that product or will fail to meet the demands of consumers. Some variables cannot stand directly observed. In such cases, a thorough understanding of concepts and theories of consumer behavior helps marketers to predict the consumer’s buying behavior to a reasonable extent. Thus, understanding consumer behavior to buy a product is complex and requires marketers to continuously understand and apply various concepts and theories for successful marketing.

To increase the knowledge of salespeople to influence consumers to buy the product;

All the products and services marketed revolve around the behavior of consumers that how they will respond to them. Effective marketing of a product by salespeople may help to deliver the right product to the right people. Consumer behavior deals with the knowledge of what the consumers need and want to buy and what goods and services are available to satisfy their needs. Thus, consumer behavior deals particularly with the behavior of people i.e., consumers.

A salesperson needs to be fully aware of the customer’s requirements. So that he or she could communicate the benefits of the product to the customers. Moreover, the salesperson by understanding the consumer’s demand and need for a product can sell goods that are most closely related to their requirement. Besides understanding consumer behaviour, the salesperson should also have command over their spoken language.

This is because any miscommunication could harm the brand’s reputation. Moreover, if the consumers have more knowledge about the product than the salesperson, the sales might fail to meet their targets. Thus, analyzing consumer behavior and knowledge for effective marketing of products by salespeople is important. The salespeople must be fully aware of the consumer’s behavior in different situations. So that they could help them in meeting their demands and satisfaction.

To understand the consumer’s decision to dispose of a product or service;

Disposal of products involves the throwing away of products by consumers. This behavior of consumers is very complex and requires more importance by marketers. Understanding the consumer’s behavior about how and when consumers dispose of a product, the marketers or the companies can position themselves so that this behavior could stand limited.

If the product or service has failed to deliver the required or expected satisfaction by the consumers, the product disposes of by the customers. For this, some marketers track the follow-up from the consumers so that they can gauge the reason behind the failure of the product. Moreover, to retain customers, some marketers or organizations offer customers services like exchange of products, money-back guarantees, etc. Although, these tools are helpful to influence the post-purchase behavior of consumers to some extent.

The method of disposition varies transversely from product to product. Some of the factors that lead to consumers’ behavior to dispose of a product include psychological characteristics, situational factors, or the intrinsic factors of the product. The psychological characteristics include attitude, mood, emotion, social class, social conscience, perception, etc. Situational factors such as urgency, functional use, fashion change, etc., and intrinsic factors such as product style, durability, reliability, adaptability, replacement cost, color, size, etc. can lead to consumers’ decision to dispose of a product.

For example, the personal computers sold previously stood largely demanded by consumers. However, due to changes in size, advancing technology, affordability, and convenience; most people have switched to laptops and mobiles with operating systems have disposed of personal computers to a greater extent.

To help marketers to optimize the sale of products and create focused marketing strategies;

The theories and concepts of Consumer behavior help marketers to optimize their sales and to create efficient marketing strategies. Moreover, these theories provide marketers with information on the consumer’s behavior to spend money, likely causes that incline them to spend more money on a product, and these two pieces of information help to plan strategies that should practice by the marketers for successful marketing of a product. Studying different consumer behavior theories helps to understand the different choices that consumers make to buy a product. Some factors need to exist carefully analyzed by marketers. Which helps them to increase their sales and develop effective marketing strategies. These factors stand discussed as follows:

Consumer’s rational behavior:

It is foremost important for a marketer to understand the situations where consumers behave rationally. Many consumer behavior theories suggest that the consumers want to get maximum benefit and satisfaction from the product by spending the minimum amount of money. This shows that consumers do not spend all their money to buy a product and keeps a certain amount of money as their savings. However, on the other hand, the consumers having limited money spend all their money on the purchase of their basic needs such as shelter, food, and clothing. Thus, the marketer must carefully analyze these two situations of consumers before marketing a product or service.

Consumer’s taste and preferences:

Understanding consumer taste and preferences help marketers to revamp their products so that they could meet customer satisfaction. These factors may change from time to time. The change in consumer behavior affected by these factors should exist carefully monitored. Marketers need carefully understand the consumer’s interest in the products by breaking down the targeted consumers into demographics, like age, occupation, and location as they contribute to investigating information about consumer preferences.

Price of Products:

Prices of products stand as a widely discussed factor in consumer behavior theories. The theories suggest that marketers should keep their prices low without affecting the quality to attract consumers. This is because consumers go mostly for products that are of low price but satisfy their demand.

Features of Product:

An increased number of features offered by the product tends to increase the price of products. In such cases, consumers go for added features in a product at an affordable price. Therefore, the markers design their products in such a way that the product gives maximum value or features to consumers at an affordable price.

Consumer’s knowledge about a product:

The marketer must know to what extent the consumers know a product. Mostly, consumers select products with which they are familiar. For example, if the consumers are aware of the health effects of eating high-fat food or fast food, marketing such a product to health-conscious consumers will end up in failure.

Summary;

In a nutshell, consumer behavior theories and concepts are of most importance to salespeople or marketers in marketing. As products stand made to cater to consumers’ needs and demands. Therefore, the products should exist carefully marketed for the achievement of organizational goals. The study of consumer behavior helps them in analyzing different factors that have influenced the buying decision of the consumers. If the marketers failed to understand these factors, they would not meet their targets.

What is the Importance of Consumer Behaviour in Marketing? Photo by Adismara Putri Pradiri on Unsplash.

Reference;
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July 1, 2022
Facilities Manager Meaning Role Responsibilities Essay
Facilities Manager Meaning, Definition, Role, and Responsibilities with their Essay; Facility management includes all complex operating activities such as grocery stores, auto shops, sports complexes, jails, office buildings, hospitals, hotels, and all other revenue-generating. The facility manager’s job purpose is to create an environment that encourages output, is pleasing to clients and consumers, and is efficient.

Here is the article to explain, What is the Meaning and Definition of Facilities Manager? Role and Responsibilities with their Essay!

The meaning and definition of facilities manager includes a wide range of functions and also support services. All staff, students, and volunteers are responsible for ensuring that they work in a manner that is safe for themselves; and others and to comply with relevant requirements of guidance to the national standees and the University of health and safety department. All staff parents or cares volunteers and students exist urged to read the nursery health and safety policy and relevant parts in the university health and safety policy.

Meaning and Definition of Facility management;

Facility management is a profession that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure the functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, process, and technology; The integration of processes within an organization to maintain and also develop the agreed services; which support and improve the effectiveness of its primary activities.

According to Alan M.Levitt,

“a facility may be a space or an office or suite of offices; a floor or group of floors within a building; a single building or a group of buildings or structures. These structures may be in an urban setting or freestanding in a suburban or rural setting. The structures or buildings may be a part of a complex or office park or campus”.

Facility management is hard to define because of its broad scope. Also, It involves the coordination of everything that keeps a company’s buildings, assets, and systems running. On top of managing day-to-day operations, above the facilities manager meaning and definition must also execute the long-term strategic facility management plan of their company.

Total facilities management;

Total facilities management includes those things which everything needed; such as services for a living, working, healthcare, education, commercial development, retailing, transportation, and communication undertakings.

According to steven M.Price;

“facilities, professionals are being asked to contain costs while achieving maximum beneficial use- that is, to achieve more with less.”

Some other people describe the facility as a physical place where done business activities. Also, Facility management is a duty to make plans according to business activity needs and demands; as good facility management deals with those needs in the best and most effective ways possible. Which responsibility played by facility managers explain below:
- Observe the efficiency of the organization.
- Make sure that the divergent processes, procedures, and standards present in a business complement rather than interfere with one another.
- Observe all features of facility maintenance.
- Tracking and responding to environmental, health, safety, and security issues.
- Ensuring facility compliance with relevant regulatory codes and regulations
- Educating the workforce about all manner of standards and procedures, from ordering office supplies to acting in the event of a disaster.
The role and responsibilities of facilities managers;

A facilities manager has a range of responsibilities including overseeing the daily running of a building and reducing its operating costs. In any organization, the facility manager is responsible for services of management that support business. Also, Facilities managers manage the continual maintenance of the building, identifying health and safety issues to make sure the building is safe for use and general responsibility for utilities, services, and daily logistical management. How to define the meaning and definition of facilities manager? A facilities manager is also responsible for managing catering and cleaning services and utilizing space management throughout the building.
- Facility managers are responsible for directing a maintenance staff.
- Facility manager’s duties related to standard maintenance, mailroom, and security activities, he or she may also be responsible for providing engineering and architectural services, hiring subcontractors, maintaining computer and telecommunications systems, and even buying, selling, or leasing real estate or office space.
- The managers are also responsible for considering federal, state, and local regulations.
- Facility managers also integrate knowledge workers into a dynamic business environment of global competition, technological developments, security threats, and changing values.
Scope of facilities management;

Facilities management describe those core business activities where business are working and also provide a good career path with the associated motivation that it brings. Good facilities management always try to introduce new idea and knowledge to improve the standard, improve the consumer primary activities and protect the associated investments. Those by the scope of facilities management is wide and varied; such activities include security, cleaning, maintenance, catering, landscaping, hygiene, etc. Today the role and scope of facilities management have changed dramatically

Corporate social responsibility;

Total corporate social responsibility can subdivide into four primary criteria-economic, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibilities. Mark S.Schwartz and Archie B.Carroll, “Corporate Social Responsibility: A Three Domain Approach,” Business Ethics Quarterly 13, no.4 (2003), 503-530; and Archie B.Carroll, “A Three -Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance,” Academy of Management Review 4(1979), 497-505.

These four criteria fit together to form the whole of a company’s social responsiveness. Managers and organizations involve in several issues at the same time, and a company’s ethical and discretionary responsibilities exist increasingly considered as important as an economic and legal issue.

Business ethics are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. Acting ethically involves distinguishing ‘right’ and wrong and then making the right choice. For example, the policy about honesty, health and safety, and corrupt practices.

Supports;

Facilities management also supports the board to bring aspects critical to the facility management operational activities such as premises, local community, and staff welfare. Also, Facilities managers play a vital role in the delivery of more facilities by several stages in the life cycle of a building.

Today, facilities management challenges are integrating the resource with the user’s needs. Lavy (2008) concludes that facility management not only improves physical performance; but also increases the satisfaction that the users feel while staying/working/teaching/learning in that building. The facilities manager needs to understand the link between the institution’s aims and objectives; and the various group in the institution. The interface has to be strong and without it is easy to fail to work in the same direction. Therefore, a facility manager has to take into account the needs of the users as a basis for providing them with suitable facilities.

Ever-growing space requirements with ever-growing unused spaces increase the gap between what is available and what exists required. Also, Facility Managers face several challenges in convincing the higher management in getting approval for an additional building or space.

Health and safety;

Bio-energy company management system always keeps in mind the development of positive health, safety, and environment culture through the development of policies and procedures and promotion. They also provide training and monitoring services to the employees and employers; which exist intended to encourage employees as an integral part of daily operations. All staff, students, visitors, parents/carers would report any health and safety issues promptly to Melissa Leach or Susan Rogers or a senior member of staff in their absence.

Health and Safety issues would discuss and record and the relevant agencies would inform of the concern that has occurred. The Nursery Manager and Deputy Manager also attend the Level 2 Award in Health and Safety in the workplace, Risk Assessment Training, and Manual Handling Risk Assessment. Records of training undertaken by staff stand kept by the Nursery Manager along with planned dates for future course attendance and also refresher courses as needed.

Safety and Security Policy;

At Phoenix, we aim to make the nursery a safe and secure place for the children, Parents/Carers, Staff, and any Visitors who may enter the setting. We aim to make all the children, parents/carers, and staff aware of health and safety issues to minimize the hazards and risks to enable them to thrive in a safe and healthy environment.

Melissa and Sue are the members of staff who have undertaken the appropriate training and are responsible for recording risk assessments, updating policies, and ensuring others are aware of safety and security issues.

Health and safety policies;
- As a management priority health and safety as an integral part of business
- Carried out all activities safe manner.
- Find hazards and mitigated through formal assessment.
- Organizations fulfill with current health and safety legislation and apply best practices to all their activities.
- Also, Employees encourage to be proactive on health and safety issues.
- All employees require to co-operate with the organization; and their workers in implementing the policy and make sure that their work is without risk to themselves.
Environment policy;
- Improvement in the environmental management system by worker training, consultation, involvement in identifying environmental impacts, etc is the objective of the organization.
- The environmental impact also analyzed in under organization which involves potential risk of pollution,
- Organizations always try to cooperate with the applicable local authority and landlords site on a relevant issue.
- Also, The Company gives due consideration to environmental issues raised by customers and seeks to respond positively to customer-led environmental initiatives.
- The Company works closely with those involved in the manufacturing supply chain; to achieve best practices in the environmental aspects of material sourcing, product manufacture, disposal, and recycling.
All staff, students, visitors, volunteers, Parents/Carers are aware of the location of fire doors and fire exits, and means of escape from the nursery. Also to know the location of the nearest fire extinguisher and fire alarm call points and instructions for their use. All staff has attended the University in house Fire Warden Training. Emergency exit routes are always tidy and free from obstacles. Also, The Fire Siren tested weekly. The Nursery Manager or Deputy Manager to collect the register from the Kitchen. Staff to take responsibility for the children, and to assist them to immediately vacate the nursery, through the safest exit; if possible through the garden and car park.

Risk Assessment;

The majority of the activities that exist carried out in the Nursery are generally of low risk in nature and do not require standing formally assessed. However, if we are planning a trip outside the nursery or are carrying out an activity; when the child could be at risk, we would carry out a written risk assessment. Risk assessments exist carried out by Sue Rogers and Melissa Leach and all staff will contribute to these documents.

The risk assessments would exist carried out on activities, the nursery environment, outside environment, manual handling, and outings. They exist regularly reviewed, working documents stand displayed in each area of the nursery. Should you have any queries or concerns of your own please feel free to talk to Sue or Melissa. Risk assessments exist brought to the attention of all relevant staff and students parents/carers and anyone who involve in the activity. Risk assessments exist reviewed annually. They exist periodically passed to the Health and Safety Department for checking to ensure that they are suitable and sufficient.

Importance of quality to facilities management;

As professional facility management used to strategically provide a quality working environment. But it required top-level management support and accurate requirements defined by consumers. In today’s current environment of innovation and increasing completion among suppliers, facilities management service providers must implement quality management.

The organization gets success through introducing quality management techniques. That’s by productivity can improve and absenteeism reduced by improving the internal environment. According to Alexander, “it is a total quality approach to sustaining an operational environment and providing support services to meet the strategic needs of an organization”.

Facilities Manager Meaning Role Responsibilities Essay; Image by Photo Mix from Pixabay.
February 21, 2022
Project Managers Skills really change your company status Value

Project Managers Skills in Management: To be a decent project supervisor; it is essential to have a few skills to deal with the project in the association. What are the most Popular Skills of a Project Managers in the Case of Production Management? Project managers need to have a wide assortment of skills that can assist them with doing the best in the project on the board. All the skills have by the project supervisor are determinants of the accomplishment of the project in the project the board. It is to satisfy the duties of the project chief. There are a few significant information and ability classifications for the project supervisor. The skills expected of the project supervisor partition into few classifications.

Here is the article to explain, How do good Project Managers Skills really change your company management status Value?

Project the board is definitely not simple work. Truth told it’s few difficult positions, including the inception, arranging, executing, controlling, and shutting of a project. Considerably more troublesome, that project appoints to a group based on your personal preference; given explicit objectives to accomplish over a characterized course of events for a decided financial plan. Furthermore, you need to do all that effectively. To do as such, the best project managers utilize strong project board instruments to keep all parts of their projects coordinated.

In any case, that is a ton to request from anybody individual; yet project managers have an assortment of skills to take care of business. These incorporate the specialized, business, and executives skills you’d expect, yet also a few delicate skills. Project managers aren’t just managing frameworks and cycles, yet additionally individuals, some company management try to training skills development work. At the point when you reduce it down, an effective group the executives are based on making and keeping up solid connections across the association. Why Management Embarrassed By Your Project Managers Role Skills? Here is the solution What To Do:

The following are a couple of significant information and skills classifications of the project supervisor.

Project the board interaction Skills:

Project Management measure skills are the information and skills identified with the system of the project the executives, best for managers. The project director ought to learn about devices, methods, and cycle innovation in the project the board just as ready to apply them in genuine circumstances. For example, the project supervisor should realize how to build up a total client archive, assemble an organization chart, and fabricate a work breakdown structure. With every one of these skills, the project administrator will ready to encourage and sort out the project plan. The project administrator likewise can experience all the issues during the project the executive’s exercises and will get regard from all the colleagues and different partners.

Relational and social Skills:

Interpersonal skills are the instruments of individuals used to connect and speak with others in the association. Relational abilities have seven primary territories needed by the project director, including verbal relational abilities, nonverbal relational abilities, listening skills, exchange skills, critical thinking skills, dynamic skills, and decisiveness. Project Manager skills in managing an individual’s incomprehensible esteem. Other than relational skills, the project supervisor likewise needs to have social skills like individual direct, style, and approach.

Innovation the executive’s Skills:

As we probably are aware, the vast majority of the project encircle by innovation. It is alluding to the interaction territories at the center of the project that pre-owned data innovation foundation. The innovation skills required may incorporate programming and equipment to do the undertaking. The capacity of the project chief to organize the utilization of innovation is the way to progress as a project director. It is significant for to project administrator to have satisfactory information and skills inserted with the innovation. There are a few innovations’ the executives needed by project managers; for example, capability in project center innovation, capability in the supporting innovation territory, industry information, patent information, plan skills, and some more. The project supervisor should acquaint with the innovation applied in the project. The project director must capable successful in the utilization of innovation.

Wanted individual characteristics:

To be a fruitful project supervisor, individual quality is generally significant. Individual attributes mean is the activity, mentalities, and conduct should project supervisor has. Having individual attributes will turn into a decent project supervisor and have the option to play out the obligations as a project chief. The alluring qualities ought to have by the project director, for example, genuineness and has respectability. Other than that, the project chief should have a similar outlook as a generalist, has high resilience with others, and interact situated, mindful, open and open, strategically, and unequivocal.

Initiative Skills:

We need to begin with the large daddy of all – authority. It’s somewhat of tricky expertise in that some accept you’re brought into the world with authority skills and that they can’t educate. Yet, we think everybody can figure out how to apply demonstrated initiative skills and methods. All things considered, what’s the other option? As a project director, you’re answerable not just for owning the project to effective culmination; however, you’re driving a group to accomplish that objective. This expects you to propel and intervene when fundamental. Recall that project initiative comes in various styles, one of which will suit your character. It’s more than overseeing undertakings; it’s overseeing individuals.

Relational abilities:

Interchanges truly go hand-in-glove with the administration. You can’t be a powerful pioneer in case you’re not ready to express what it is you need your group to do. However, you’re not just going to speak with your group; you’ll need to have clear interchanges with everybody related to the project; from merchants and workers for hire to partners and clients. Regardless of whether that is through announcing devices or encouraging cooperation with visits, record sharing, and different intends to label conversations at the undertaking level; you will require the two frameworks set up to encourage interchanges. These apparatuses likewise help interface individuals balanced and in gathering settings, for example, gatherings and introductions.

Risk and Danger Management Skills:

Doing anything is a danger. Arranging a project, enormous or little, is characteristic of hazard. It’s an aspect of your responsibility to see those issues before they become issues. In this way, before executing the project, you need to place in the work to recognize, survey, and control hazards. The more you can oversee hazards, the almost certain your project will succeed. Obviously, you can’t foresee all that may occur over the existing pattern of your project. There will be unforeseen issues that emerge; so you need to have a cycle set up to deal with those when they come up.

Cost Management Skills:

You can’t do anything without the cash to pay for it. You have made a financial plan. Your first occupation is to ensure that the spending plan is sensible and can meet the monetary requirements of the project, and controlling those expenses through the execution of the project. This is more difficult than one might expect. Except if you are fortunate and work for an association with limitless assets; you will have certain monetary imperatives, and more probable, give a strict spending plan. It takes a lot of ability to sort out some way to extract each penny from those restricted assets.

Basic Thinking Skills:

Project managers aren’t the solitary ones who could profit from this expertise, skills change management value. The majority of us are not reasoning, yet responding and following a progression of reactions that we’ve either been told or educated. It’s not a particularly awful thing. You can here and there be on autopilot, yet you better skill to turn it off. The basic reasoning is essentially being as evenhanded as possible in examining and assessing an issue or circumstance with the goal that you can frame a fair-minded judgment. It hauls you out of following up on feelings or from got information, and isn’t that what a project supervisor should do? You’re confronted with issues each day when you’re chipping away at a project, and you need your choices to be fair. The solitary thing controlling your choice ought to be what’s best for the project.

Undertaking Management Skills:

Here is another of those specialized skills that ought to be stepped onto the DNA of each project chief. On the off chance that planning is the bedrock to project the board, at that point assignments are the mortar that holds everything together. There will be huge loads of these troublesome little positions for you to make, allot, and oversee; some of which will be subject to other people, implying that blunder of this cycle can seriously affect the accomplishment of your project.

You can view this as making a super daily agenda, which isn’t completely off-base; yet as you add intricacy you’ll likewise need to add the apparatuses to assist you with dealing with these undertakings all the more effectively. Also, You’ll need highlights in your undertaking the executive’s instrument that encourages coordinated effort with your group; help you focus on, and give you moment announcements when errands have been finished or are running behind.

Quality Management Skills:

The greater part of these skills are self-evident, correct? Indeed, they are the best few projects the board skills. In any case, quality administration regularly disregards by project pioneers, and it’s one that necessities to stand out enough to notice. Also, Quality administration is regulating the exercises and errands that need to convey an item or administration at the expressed level showed in the project desk work. Sound natural? It’s essentially an aspect of your responsibilities that you may never have given a name to or more awful, you’ve been dismissing for fulfilling time constraints. Remaining on time is significant, yet that timetable is futile on the off chance that it produces something shoddy.

Project Managers Skills really change your company status Value; Image from Pixabay.

February 16, 2021
What do Only Men know About the Project Manager Role?
Project Manager Role: The role of the project manager is to achieve the project goals. The project manager should be capable, skilled, and capable of completing the project work on schedule, inside the financial plan, and as indicated by determination. Production Management Essay – What do Only Men know About the Project Manager Role? Explain and discuss. Also, The project manager should at the same time see to the necessities of the support and different partners; deal with the project life cycle and the presentation of the project group, including their exhibition. Also, It is a role that includes a blend of capacities, joining the board with initiative and political mindfulness.

What is the most Popular Role of a Project Manager in the Case of Production Management?

The project manager is liable for organizing and incorporating exercises across different, practical lines. The reconciliation exercises performed by the project manager incorporate exercises that are important to build up a project plan; execute an arrangement and make changes to the arrangement. Also, A project manager should have the option to comprehend the project detail yet oversee from the general viewpoint. As a planner of the project plan, the project manager should give total errand definitions; asset necessity definitions; significant schedule achievements; the meaning of end thing quality and dependability prerequisites, and the reason for execution estimation.

Project managers impact individuals to make a move. Also, This requires a capacity to impart in a style suitable for the individual concerned. If correspondence in the project is of inferior quality, the project will be bound to fall flat. Individuals working inside a project consistently convey however the nature of the correspondence should be high. The reason and course of the project lie in the capacity of the project manager to discuss well with the accomplices inside the project. Also, One significant role of the project chief is to make dynamic correspondence among the project individuals by keeping in contact with people and passing data between various individuals and among them and the subsidizing association.

First Thing:

The project manager should have the option to change over the data sources (for example assets, for example, capital, materials, hardware, offices, data, staff, and so on) into the yield of items, administrations, and eventually benefits. To do this, the project manager needs solid informative and relational abilities, should get comfortable with the activities of each line association, and should know about the innovation utilized. Also, The project chief ought to have a significant degree of relational abilities to have the option to effectively deal with the project.

The project manager’s role resembles an arachnid weaving the web and ought to be the focal point of correspondence and occasions. Also, One of the significant duties of the project manager is arranging. If project arranging is performed accurately, at that point the project manager may work himself out of the work because the project can run itself. Also, The CEO role of the project manager includes more than that of being responsible for the exercises of the project. It infers that the manager is required to get things going by dynamic inclusion. Also, The manager’s role as an organizer is indispensable in planning the endeavors of the project group and the partners. The project manager ought to characterize the morals, standards, and estimations of their project group, setting up the air of the association and the way that the different project errands are drawn closer.

Second Thing:

The project manager’s role as a negotiator requires a significant degree of affectability and great arranging abilities. He/she should have the option to arrange the connection between the project and its current circumstance and should have the option to guarantee political help. Also, The project manager alongside his/her group should conceptualize to choose who the different partners in the project may be. The project manager should go out and converse with those partners and build up the fundamental talking and examining abilities that empower him/her to draw out of them what their assumptions are. Frequently, the partners are questions about what they need.

The project manager ought to participate in an exchange with them to assist them with thoroughly considering their assumptions. Also, The project manager’s underlying thought of partner assumptions will help him/her to start to comprehend the sorts of assets the project may require and will guarantee a positive result. Discussing assets doesn’t mean just discussing unmistakable assets of cash, time, and materials; yet, in addition to those theoretical assets of specialized abilities, non-specialized managerial and relational abilities; and, the fundamental elusive of responsibility and backing from specific individuals inside the project association and outside it.

Also, The project manager should have to plan the danger that may happen in a project by experiencing an organized interaction. Such cycle may include: conceptualize potential dangers; taking into account what wasn’t right in comparable projects beforehand; grouping into related points; weighting-earnestness and likelihood; zeroing in on the intense and profoundly plausible; characterizing the project type, and survey normal dangers; arranging how to run the project in light of the dangers. Feature wherein the project the dangers will be generally pivotal; concluding how to lessen the dangers so the odds and results of disappointment are limited.

Third Thing:

The project can be viewed as a transitory association since it makes some restricted memories outline, restricted financial plan, explicit objectives, and exercises. Some of such brief associations may be between hierarchical projects that include numerous associations having various fortes or mastery. In such projects, the project manager needs to guarantee the progression of data from the various associations required inside the project. Also, The progression of data is imperative for the accomplishment of such a project or association. Since these advancement projects are interdisciplinary and creative, the portion of encounters, information, and participation in various phases of the project improvement gets essential for its prosperity.

Overseeing global projects that are of the multi-authoritative sort is certainly not a simple undertaking, particularly when these associations are from various specialized, social, political foundations and have distinctive administration styles in their methodology for taking care of an errand. Cautious and point by point readiness of projects, particularly for between hierarchical ones because of their intricacy, in their arranging stage is indispensable for their prosperity. Also, The manager ought to have high involvement with arranging such projects.

To sum up things up, the project manager ought to have the accompanying ascribes;
- Capacity to choose and build up an operational group.
- Administration abilities and the board capacity.
- Also, Capacity to foresee issues, tackle issues and decide.
- Capacity to incorporate the project partners.
- Operational adaptability.
- Capacity to design, speed up, and complete things.
- Capacity to arrange, convince and make bargains.
- Comprehend the climate inside which the project is being overseen.
- Capacity to survey screen and apply control.
- Also, Capacity to keep the partners and customer upbeat.
Are You Embarrassed By Your Project Manager Role Skills? Here is the solution What To Do:

As demonstrated over, the particular undertakings that devour a project manager’s time will differ generously relying upon which periods of the existence cycle their projects are in. That being said, there are a few general undertakings that any great project manager can hope to perform day by day. These include:

Speaking and Communicating with colleagues:

Project Management is about correspondence, regardless of whether through messages, calls, everyday registration, or group gatherings. Also, Project managers should speak with the colleagues to decide the status of different projects and potential barriers that should be settled.

Communicating and Speaking with key partners:

Just however significant as speaking with your group seems to be routinely refreshing key partners on project progress and guaranteeing that the project actually lines up with changing organization activities. Also, This correspondence can take numerous structures, including week by week or month to month reports, consistently refreshed dashboards, or brisk messages, calls, or gatherings. Notwithstanding the medium, getting open to speaking with information is a fundamental ability.

Issue distinguishing proof and goal:

Identification and resolution, Throughout the course of any project, it’s regular for scope, financial plan, asset allotment, and other different issues to emerge. Also, It is the role of the project manager to guarantee that these issues settle successfully to keep the project on target.

Planning and Budgeting:

For limited scope projects, cost assessment perhaps a week by week or even a month to month task. In any case, for bigger projects because of a wide range of costs to keep, project managers may invest energy in assessing spending plans every day to guarantee the project doesn’t surpass asset assignments. This may likewise incorporate evaluating, preparing, and endorsing solicitations from outside sellers if the project incorporates such associations.

Time the board and endorsement:

Also, Time management and approval, To guarantee that the project stays on target, many project managers go to timesheets or project the executives programming that permits them to perceive how their group is investing their energy. Notwithstanding guaranteeing that the project is moving along as arranged, this aids project managers move assets between projects as fundamental.

Group fabricating or Team-building:

A decent project manager will accomplish more than just deal with the means of a project. Also, They will likewise deal with their group to keep them gainful and cheerful. A piece of this ought to incorporate group building practices intended to help spirit; especially in the wake of testing weeks or periods of the project. Sorting out a week by week lunch or party time is one such model.

Key roles and job responsibilities or occupation duties of a project manager:

Project the board is a mix of workmanship and science and in the present business climate project managers ought to be knowledgeable in a project executives framework. The present project the board has developed to incorporate a few enterprises and has been around for quite a long while. A decent project manager ought to have an innovative mentality with the goal that they can consider the project past the essentials of the project on the board. Also, They are the ones liable for the general exertion and achievement and disappointment of the article. They ought to have direct information and abilities to convey sufficient outcomes related to their positions and duties. To keep your business at its most significant level, a project ought to drive by qualified managers as it has an enormous effect. How about we examine it, project manager roles and responsibilities.

Planning or Arranging the exercises and activities:

A project manager needs to set an effective procedure that incorporates a full rundown of exercises that are significant for the project. The vital obligation of a project manager incorporates arranging. The project manager needs to characterize the extent of the project and build up a project plan likewise. As a rule, when a project manager is arranging the exercises it is imperative to focus on the exercises viably to do less however well. Also, The methodology ought to be sufficiently proficient to convey the projects inside indicated time and financial plan. Additionally, a reinforcement plan ought to make if the circumstance requests it.

Coordinating and Organizing a project group to perform work:

Another significant role of project managers has zeroed in their group’s endeavors on expanding accounting pages, long agendas, and whiteboards. They need to build up an arrangement that will uphold the group to arrive at their objective effectively without impeding execution. Also, It is their obligation to sort out their group to show their maximum capacity. A project manager should in some cases put on the obligations of HR like arranging current representatives’ work duties, dealing with their occasions, and accomplishing their obligation to the project; offers might require and agreements should look into and holding everybody in line to make sure that the group’s actions along by the arrangement.

Appointing and Delegating the groups:

Much of the time like a major project, or different errands associated with a project; it gets basic to assign duties to groups shrewdly. It is an administration style that each project manager needs to comply with and be acceptable at it and in the long run it turns into the obligation of a project manager that should learn over the long haul. A manager ought not to abuse this obligation in putting faults or corrupting colleagues. Also, The assignments need to focus on errands so focused on to the colleagues; so, they become more compelling in their capacities. The managers ought to likewise comprehend the strength and shortcomings of their groups and appropriately delegate the assignments to them. In this way, be a decent pioneer who establishes a climate that encourages trust through the important assignments.

Controlling the time of the executives and management:

To establish a decent connection with partners and customers; the project managers need to search for whether the project has succeeded or fizzled. A project manager should have the option to arrange reachable cutoff times and examine the equivalent with the group. They need to build up a project that has the accompanying highlights:
- Objective
- Interaction
- Assessing term
- Timetable turn of events
- Timetable control
Overseeing expectations and Managing deliverables:

The Project Manager is likewise answerable for guaranteeing that the expectations convey on schedule and inside the financial plan according to the business necessities. Their work worries about posing inquiries like:
- What are the progressions being made in the association?
- What’s happening with the group?
- For what reason would we say we are doing it?
- Is there a business opportunity or danger?
- How are we going to do it?
- What are the well-known project the board strategies?
- Who is doing what?
- Where are the records and project archives?
- What are the particulars, plans, gatherings, and so forth?
- When are the things being finished?
Screen and Monitor progress:

The vast majority of the project manager’s time rotates around observing the status of projects. After the project has been begun, a project manager needs to perceive what amount is done; and, if it is being done true to form. The advancement of the project makes during the center phases of the project through numerous frameworks like status reports, gatherings, and casual updates. This duty will become simpler if a legitimate administration framework chooses by the project managers.

Establish and Build up Regular Meetings:

Planning normal gatherings are hard for all project managers and it doesn’t function admirably for each project. Yet, useful for effective projects you most likely need one group meeting each week. Or on the other hand, some project managers like to have everyday standup gatherings for interesting project philosophy. The goal of the gathering ought to meet by conveying the standards of the project plainly to the whole group. The project managers ought to prepare from the earliest starting point to plan for meeting the targets. They can set a gathering schedule and attempt to adhere to it until there is a crisis to counterbalance the arrangement.

Discuss and Communicate a dream with the group:

A project manager ought to have a dream of where to go and the abilities to comprehend the higher perspective identified with any project. The vision ought to pass on to the whole group with the goal that they comprehend the significance of their role to accomplish the outcomes. Group ought to comprehend the heap of work and do the potential endeavors to change over an objective into a mission. The proper tone ought to see by the manager for smoother cruising as it were.

Overseeing reports and fundamental documentation:

At last, when the project finishes on schedule and a spending plan, the project manager needs to then give fitting documentation to introduce the last reports to customers and distinguish the territories where there is a requirement for the future turn of events. This is likewise a significant obligation of a project manager for project advancement. It has two principal capacities:
- To keep a record of what has been done in the project and who have been engaged with it.
- To guarantee that the project fulfills all the project necessities.
What do Only Men know About the Project Manager Role? Explain; Image from Pixabay.
February 12, 2021
How to become a Product Manager and what does a do they?
Become a Product Manager; A Product or project or task manager is an individual liable for leading an undertaking from its beginning to execution. Who is a Product Manager? and How to Become a Product Manager and what does a do? This incorporates planning, executing, and managing individuals, assets, and the extent of the undertaking. Also, Undertaking managers should have the order to create clear and attainable targets and to own them to effective consummation. The venture manager has full duty and authority to finish the assigned undertaking. A venture manager’s position may end with the fulfillment of the assigned undertaking; or, it could be a semi-permanent situation temporarily or until a foreordained point in the task’s timetable or stage of fruition.

Here is the article explain, How to become a Product Manager and what does a do they? Meaning, Definition, Responsibilities, Functions, Difference, and Challenges.

A Product manager’s obligations incorporate overall management; yet, the person in question is seldom straightforwardly associated with the activities that actually produce the outcome. The position also supervises any associated products and administrations, project tools, and strategies to help guarantee great practices. Also, project managers are liable for selecting and building project teams and making projections about the undertaking’s dangers and uncertainties. Managing relationships and personalities are a colossal part of being a task manager.

Teams should work, plan and communicate well together. The ability to collaborate and maintain effective team part relationships is crucial. Grating, clash, and legitimate disagreements are part of the creative interaction; however, the task manager should be certain these do not annihilate the venture. Also, Making sure team individuals feel valued, perceiving and praising prevalent work; and, maintaining a quality workspace for all team individuals will aid in this human management (HRM) exertion.

The Responsibilities of Production or Product Manager:

In the current period of merciless rivalry at different phases of activities; a venture should create merchandise and enterprises, keeping the prerequisites and fulfillment of the likely client into thought. The target ought to be to create well at any rate costs and to the most extreme fulfillment of the purchaser. To meet this target the part of the Product Manager in an endeavor is generally significant. In an association, the creation manager needs to regulate an incredible assortment of exercises. He collects proper assets and coordinates the utilization of these assets, be they individuals, machines, handling, and changing material and season of individuals into items and administrations.

Managers likewise need to react to different powers from the outside climate; for example, government guidelines, work associations just as neighborhood, territorial, public, and worldwide financial conditions. In this manner, managers need to focus harder not exclusively on what their clients may purchase yet in addition to expanding government guidelines and conduct of customer and natural security gatherings.

The manager ought to channel the creative interaction to guarantee the most effective utilization of the assets to the best-preferred position for the undertaking. He is liable for creating the perfect amount of material at the perfect time. A manager ought to have the option to accomplish something genuine and useful about creation issues. He ought to be well acquainted with the available resources to accomplish the ideal objectives. The idea of issues related to item the board is with the end goal that the Production or Product Manager ought to have the ability just as the inclination to utilize subjective and quantitative techniques for the investigation to get the ideal arrangements.

Functions of a Good Product Manager:

Shrewd product the executives requires the product manager’s contribution at each period of the product lifecycle. Beginning with the underlying conceptualization and coordination with the various divisions, incorporating liaising with an account, legitimate and different groups, lastly, driving the product to dispatch and after-deals administration by associating with the deals and showcasing functions.

To take every one of these stages and dissect the functions of a decent product manager; the accompanying focuses should be underscored:
- It is the obligation of the product manager to circle back to the deals and promoting groups just as the client assistance group to follow client objections to the conclusion. While this is a clear basis in more modest associations, it is fundamental to have a committed group that does this in huge estimated firms.
- Perform main driver examinations of issues being accounted for by the clients including any abnormal issues that have surfaced. Recall that powerful product the board additionally requires deft insight the executives wherein clients fulfill and alright with the products and thus; any issue or issue that shows up strange must be treated with earnestness.
- One of the dismissed parts of product executives is the coordination with the money and lawful groups separated from other authoritative functions. As a rule, a good thought or an incredible product may come up short because the incomes do not create as per the general inclination of the money group and subsequently the product turns into a misfortune-making one. However significant as it could be to have a superb plan and market detecting deals techniques; the correct sort of monetary proportions should also be taken care of if the organization is to earn back the original investment and benefit the product.
Additionally, explain and discuss:

Obviously, this doesn’t imply that the product manager must be a handyman. The point here is that the product manager (in little organizations) and the product board (in huge organizations) have the obligation of being the purpose of contact or the go-to individual to the extent the general duty of the product is concerned. Consequently, without placing a finger in every pie, the product manager; in any case, ought not to dismiss the 1,000-foot, or 10,000-foot, or 100,000-foot view nor the meticulousness that isolates compelling product the board from walker product the executives.

The significant thing to note is that the product manager should build up believability with the various groups and the clients. As it were, the product the executives work is both outside confronting (client-driven) just as inside confronting (fulfillment of the inward partners). Along these lines, a product manager should basically client-center and simultaneously should be conscious of the necessities of the interior partners.

All in all, it ties in with finding the correct harmony between the necessities of the commercial center and the capacities of the organization. Simply by coordinating these two and adjusting the controlling and main impetuses can there exist a balance in the association in its interior and outside dealings taking everything into account. Thus, product the board resembles a drama where the product manager is the director; and, the various groups the players or the individuals from the ensemble. Except if a product manager guides all the partners to act as one can there be music. Something else, there would be commotion.

Difference between the Project and Product Management on Responsibilities:

The following difference responsibilities with their meaning and definition below are;

What is a Project Manager? meaning and definition.

Project managers create, plan, execute, screen, and close a bunch of exercises to accomplish a specific objective; for example, the conveyance of help or product. They regularly oversee transitory projects, with a characterized extension and assets. Contingent upon the business, “projects” range in size and degree—from dispatching another site to developing another structure. The project manager is answerable for uniting the assets important to execute the project assumptions; and, convey the given product or administration on schedule and spending plan.

“As a project, the executives keep on advancing, numerous associations presently understand the natural benefit of having talented project managers,” said Chris Bolick; Northeastern University aide scholarly expert for the project the board. “From an ROI viewpoint, it’s important to have devoted people who draw in with partners and encourage joint effort inside the association.”

Project the executive’s experts are adroit at acquiring agreement, marshaling assets, focusing on undertakings, driving efficiencies, and moderating danger all through the association.

Responsibilities for Project Management:

“Project managers are frequently at the front line of conveying new essential destinations; so they’re ready to execute key activities while acquiring openness to partners across all levels of an association,” Bolick says. “With a primary project, the executive’s information joined with expert, specialized and vital ability, project managers are adaptable across any industry.”

Albeit each project will fluctuate, most project managers are liable for:
- Distinguishing objectives: Talking to key partners to comprehend their goals.
- Characterizing project scope: Documenting key prerequisites and figuring out what the project will and won’t involve.
- Uniting a group. Recognizing required ranges of abilities and individuals who can successfully execute the project.
- Arranging. Making a timetable and imparting assumptions to the individuals who will execute each undertaking.
- Checking. Deciding the measurements that will characterize project achievement and how those will be dispassionately estimated.
- Cooperation. Connecting with partners inside and outside the association who will be influenced by the project.
- Overseeing costs. Making a project financial plan and screen to guarantee cost control.
“Characterizing the project scope, including distinguishing what is out of the extension, the necessities, suppositions, and imperatives, is key in the early arranging stage,” Bolick alerts. “Regularly individuals miss the mark since they don’t comprehend the significance of appropriately characterizing the project’s degree. They need to push ahead rapidly to execution to kick the work off. Associations need project managers who comprehend the worth and techniques behind all the components of the arranging stage before they push ahead to execute their projects.”

What is a Product Manager? meaning and definition.

At an undeniable level, product managers set the drawn-out vision for an organization’s products, and convey this system to every single pertinent partner. To do so effectively includes acquiring top to bottom bits of knowledge into products, market needs, contenders, clients, and other market impacts. Product manager jobs normally don’t have a set start and end as a project lifecycle would.

Product managers are liable for dealing with the dispatch of a product from beginning idea through eventual outcome end-of-life. Also, This incorporates product configuration, statistical surveying, production, testing, anticipating, cost the board, investigation, advancement, market presentation, and product uphold. All the more explicitly, product managers lead vital arranging and usage, convey a working arrangement, examine potential product piece of the overall industry, and track the product’s benefit.

Responsibilities for Product Management:

Product managers have the ability to carry thoughts to fulfillment. Also, The best product managers are continually advancing, and endow with chipping away at bleeding-edge innovation. They carry an abundance of imaginative gifts to their jobs. In like manner, they can sharpen assorted abilities, including business, correspondence, specialized mastery.

Regardless of the product being created, product managers have an essential obligation regarding:
- Addressing market needs. Articulating the market issue or market request that the potential product proposes to tackle.
- Characterizing the product vision. This incorporates building up a procedure and guide.
- Social affair market and client prerequisites. In light of this data, going about as a client backer to express clients’ necessities and shield the requirement for the new product.
- Building up a business case. Distinguishing and focusing on basic product credits, and making evaluating proposals.
- Getting secret weapons. Working intimately with deals, showcasing, designing, and specialized help is important to guarantee clients’ requirements are met.
- Regulating testing. Running beta tests to quality the product before delivering it to the market.
- Building up a promoting plan. This incorporates making product situating, including drafting offers and key arguments.
Challenges or Difficulties for Project and Product Manager:

The following Challenges below are;

Challenges for Project Managers:

One of the difficulties for project managers is that a few associations are as yet muddled with regards to understanding project the board jobs,” Bolick says. “Having a more prominent comprehension about the stuff to effectively execute a project won’t just profit the project manager yet also the association. Another test for project managers is getting colleagues across the association to add to help satisfy project objectives.

Regularly project managers are placed in an influential position to get results; yet, they have minimal direct authority over individuals who expect to execute project exercises. In this manner, they need authority sharpness to convince those people to complete the work—and keep them drew in all through the project. Project colleagues may have their own duties, so there’s a ton of compromise engaged with getting their responsibilities.

Challenges for Product Managers:

Much of the time, there is pressure—from various gatherings—to convey a product quickly. This requires adaptability, the assumption of the executives, and brisk turnarounds to adjust the necessities of these assorted partners. For instance, QA may feel they need more opportunities to work out bugs while advertising might be confronting requests to deliver a product in front of the opposition. Also, Accommodating requirements and perspectives is a significant piece of this job. Likewise, there are frequently changing feelings about which bearing to take a product; and, a product manager needs to help assemble an agreement.

How to become a Product Manager and what does a do they? Image from Pixabay.
February 10, 2021
Understand the Usefulness of Cost Accounting to Managers

What is the Usefulness of Cost Accounting? The shortcomings inherent in financial accounting have made the management to realize the importance of cost accounting. Meaning: Usefulness of Cost accounting is the classifying, recording and appropriate allocation of expenditure for the determination of the costs of products or services, and the presentation of suitably arranged data for purposes of control and guidance of management. Whatever may be the type of business, it involves the expenditure on labor, materials and other items required for manufacturing and disposing of the product. Moreover, big business requires delegation of responsibility, the division of labor and specialization.

Know and understand the Usefulness of Cost Accounting to Managers.

Management has to avoid the possibility of waste at each stage. Management has to ensure that no machine remains idle, efficient labor gets due initiative, proper utilization of by-products makes and costs are properly ascertained.

Besides management, creditors and employees also benefit in numerous ways by the installation of a good costing system in an industrial organization. Cost accounting increases the overall productivity of an industrial establishment and, therefore, serves as an important tool in bringing prosperity to the nation.

How to understand the Usefulness of Cost Accounting to Manager?

The various advantages derived by management on account of a good costing system can be put as follows:

Costing helps in inventory control and cost reduction.

Costing furnishes control which management requires in respect of stock of materials, work-in-progress and finished goods. Costs can reduce in the long-run when alternates try. This is particularly important in the present-day context of global competition. Cost accounting has assumed special significance beyond cost control this way.

Costing makes comparison possible.

If the costing records are regularly kept, comparative cost data for different periods and various volumes of production will be available. It will help the management by informing future lines of action.

Provides data for periodical profit and loss accounts.

Adequate costing records supply to the management such data as may be necessary for the preparation of profit and loss account and balance sheet, at such intervals as may desire by the management. It also explains in detail the sources of profit or loss revealed by the financial accounts, thus helps in the presentation of better information before the management.

Costing results in increased efficiency.

Losses due to wastage of materials, the idle time of workers, poor supervision, etc. will disclose if the various operations involved in manufacturing a product study by a cost accountant. The efficiency can measure and costs controlled and through it, various devices can frame to increase efficiency.

Useful in periods of depression and competition.

During trade depression, the business cannot afford to have leakages which pass unchecked. The management should know where economies may seek, waste elimination and efficiency increase. The business has to wage a war for its survival. The management should know the actual cost of their products. Before embarking on any scheme of reducing the prices or giving tenders. The costing system facilitates this.

It helps in pricing decisions.

Though economic law of supply and demand and activities of the competitors, to a great extent. Determine the price of the article, the cost to the producer does play an important part. The producer can take necessary guidance from his costing records.

Helps in estimates.

Adequate costing records provide a reliable basis upon which tenders and estimates may prepare. The chances of losing a contract on account of over-rating or the loss in the execution of a contract due to under-rating can minimize. Thus, “Ascertained costs provide a measure for estimates, a guide to policy, and control over current production”.

It helps in channelizing production on the right lines.

Costing makes possible for the management to distinguish between profitable and non-profitable activities. Profits can maximize by concentrating or profitable operations and eliminating non-profitable ones.

It helps in reducing wastage.

As it is possible to know the cost of the article at every stage. It becomes possible to check various forms of waste, such as time, expense, etc., or in the use of machinery, equipment, and tools.

It helps in increasing productivity.

The productivity of material and labor requires to increase to have growth and more profitability in the organization. Costing renders great assistance in measuring productivity and suggest ways to improve it.

Understand the Usefulness of Cost Accounting to Managers.

Advantages of Cost Accounting:

For better understand the Usefulness of Cost Accounting to Manager, important advantages of Cost Accounting are as follows:

Profitable and Non-profitable Activities.

It will throw light upon those activities which bring profits and those activities which result in losses. This will be done only if the cost of each product or each job ascertain and compare with the price obtained.

Support and guide in Reducing Prices.

In certain periods it becomes necessary to reduce the price even below the total cost. This will be so when there is a depression or slump. Costs, properly ascertained, will guide management in this direction.

Information for Proper Planning.

For a proper system of Costing, it is necessary to have detailed information about the facilities available about machine and labor capacity. This helps in proper planning of work so that no section overwork and no section remains idle.

Control over all Materials.

Information about the availability of stocks of various materials and stores must be constantly available if there is a good system of Cost Accounting.

This helps in two ways. Firstly, production can be planned according to the availability of materials and fresh stocks can arrange in time when old stocks are exhausted. Secondly, loss due to carelessness or pilferage or any other mischief will know and, therefore, put down.

Decision Regarding Machine or Labor.

Some of the important questions before management can solve only with the help of information about costs.

For example, if there is the problem of replacement of labor by machinery, Cost Accounting will at least guide management in finding out what the cost of production will be if either machinery or labor use.

Expansion in Production.

Sometimes it is necessary to decide whether the production of one product or the other is to increase. This problem can also be solved only if proper information about costs is available.

Reasons for Losses Detected.

Exact causes of the existence of profits or losses will reveal by a system of Cost Accounting. For example, a concern may suffer not because the cost of production is high or prices are low but because the output is much below the capacity of the concern.

It is only Cost Accounting which will reveal this reason for the loss. It also helps in distinguishing between expenditure and loss which is necessary and that which is unnecessary, that is to say, between normal and abnormal losses.

Helps in Making Decisions.

Cost Accounting inculcates the habit of making calculations with pencil and paper before taking a decision. It will certainly check recklessness. Also, some of the silly mistakes that sometimes occur can avoid if there is a good Cost Accounting system.

To give an instance, a well-known firm once quoted for the supply of mosquito nets to the Government at a very low price. It was only after the order was obtained that the firm found that, by mistake. The price of materials was not included in the quotation.

Check on Accuracy of Financial Accounts.

A good system of Cost Accounting affords an independent and most reliable check on the accuracy of financial accounts. This check operates through the reconciliation of profits shown by Cost Accounts and by Financial Accounts. Based on various advantages of Cost Accounting. It can easily say that “a good system of costing serves as a means of control over expenditure and helps to secure economy in manufacture”.

Fixation of Prices.

In many cases, a firm can fix a price for its products based on the cost of production. Such a case, the price cannot be properly fixed if no proper figures of cost are available.

In the case of big contracts, no quotation can make unless the cost of completing that contract can ascertain. If prices fixed without costing information. The price quoted may either be too high. In which case orders cannot obtain, or it may be too low, in which case order will result in a loss.

It is a mistake on the part of any management to believe that a mere increase in sales volume will result in profits; increased sales at prices lower. Then the cost may well lead the concern to the bankrupt court. Only Cost Accounting will reveal what price will be profitable.

Understand the Measurement and Improvement of Efficiency.

The chief advantage to gain is that Cost Accounting will enable a concern too. First of all, measure its efficiency and then to maintain and improve it. This is done by suitable comparisons and analysis of the differences that may observe.

For example, if materials spent upon a pair of shoes in the Year come to $ 100 and for a similar pair of the shoe, the amount is $ 120 in next Year. It is an indication of a decline in inefficiency.

Of course, the increase may only be due to an increase in the price of materials; it may also be due to greater wastage in the use of materials or inefficiency at the time of buying. So, that unnecessarily high prices were paid. Comparisons may also be made with average figures for the whole industry (if such figures are available) and with ideal figures. Which may have been determined before the head.

In any case, it is this sort of comparison which tells management about the going up or coming down of efficiency. The study will certainly indicate the steps to take to remove the causes of inefficiency or to consolidate a factor which leads to greater efficiency.

March 11, 2019
Explain the Role and Responsibility of Personnel Manager!
Learn, Explain the Role and Responsibility of Personnel Manager!

All managers have direct responsibility for the human assets (people) in an organization and are responsible for activities and decisions concerning personnel. There is the concept of study in explaining the Role of Personnel Manager and Responsibility of Personnel Manager. In this sense, all managers are personnel managers. Still, most organizations have a separate department whose main job is to coordinate all personnel activities. Also learned, Explain the Role and Responsibility of Personnel Manager!

There is a need for a close interaction between the personnel department which has the responsibility for the administration of personnel and line managers who have responsibility for optimizing the use of their resources, viz., physical, financial and human. The Personnel department is then required to maintain personal information systems and comply with government’s level a regulatory framework and union-management agreements. Also learn, Personnel Management: Functions, Nature, Principles, and Importance!

Role of the Personnel Manager:

Personnel manager is the head of the personnel department. He performs both managerial and operative functions of management.

His role can be summarized as:
- Personnel manager provides assistance to top management: The top management are the people who decide and frame the primary policies of the concern. All kinds of policies related to personnel or workforce can be framed out effectively by the personnel manager.
- He advises the line manager as a staff specialist: Personnel manager acts like a staff advisor and assists the line managers in dealing with various personnel matters.
- As a counselor: As a counselor, personnel manager attends problems and grievances of employees and guides them. He tries to solve them in best of his capacity.
- Personnel manager acts as a mediator: He is a linking pin between management and workers.
- He acts as a spokesman: Since he is in direct contact with the employees, he is required to act as the representative of the organization in committees appointed by the government. He represents the company in training programmes.
Personnel manager plays following roles in most of the modern enterprises:
1. Consultant:
Frequent visits are paid by the employees with their problems, misunderstandings about their employees etc. to the personnel manager. He gives them proper suggestions and provides consultancy advice. These help in removing their misapprehensions, misgivings, and misunderstanding.
1. Conscience Keeper:
Personnel manager helps the management of his enterprise in understanding their ethical, ecological, environmental and moral obligations to their employees in particular and the government and society in general.
1. Spokesman of the Enterprise:
Personnel manager knows all about the internal matters of the enterprise, therefore, he is in a position to work as the spokesman of the enterprise or its representatives.
1. Liaison Man:
Personnel manager works as the liaison between an individual and the group as well as between the employees and the management. This provides a constant channel of communication between individuals and groups, between employees and management and between trade unions and the management. This leads to a peaceful atmosphere for the enterprise.
1. Change Agent:
Personnel manager advises and convinces the top management about the possibility of the existing organization’s structure becoming obsolete. He makes suggestions for organization development programmes and related matters.
1. Problem Solver:
Personnel manager takes initiative in making necessary long-range organizational planning for avoiding problems relating to the management of human resources.
1. General Nature:
Various problems which relate to one or other departments of the enterprise but escape the attention of the concerned line managers are located by the personnel manager. This helps such managers to detect in time such problems and solve them.

Responsibilities of Personnel Manager:

Pigors and Myres have suggested the following responsibilities of personnel manager.
1. To advise and counsel line managers in the formulation and administering policies relating to personnel.
2. To analyze and ascertain the organizational health of the organization with the help of records of productive efficiency, absenteeism, labor turnover, accidents, internal mobility and complaints, and grievances.
3. To provide personnel procedures and services which are helpful to line managers in effective utilization of human efforts.
4. To secure co-ordination of all these activities which are relevant to the efficient recruitment of employees in the organization.
5. To ensure uniform and consistent administration of personnel policies.
6. To ensure that employer observes the provisions of the Act relating to labor welfare.
7. To maintain harmonious relations between labor and management.
8. To interpret workers problems to the management.
June 16, 2018