Tag: Design

Interior Designer Income Salary, Career, and Education
Interior Designer Income explains their Salary, Career goals, and Education degree; The perfect home is the goal of every host. Salary or Income is One of the most important factors in interior design. You can have any décor from furniture, kitchen cabinets, special rooms, curtains, home sheets, and more. But without the perfect interior design ideas, your home can look empty or heavy. The interior designer plays an important role here. People who have a passion for design can take up this profession. Currently, the salary of an interior designer is quite tempting. Interior designers can design the space in the house. Small houses can also look spacious. Interior designers know the techniques to make it great.

Here is the article to explain, Interior Designer Income, with Salary, Career Goals, and Education Needs.

What is the freelance interior designer’s salary? You can also accept the interior design profession as a freelance profession. Not all skilled workers have to work for a particular company for many years. You can easily work with multiple companies or contractors. Interior Design Salary; The salary of a freelance interior designer is quite lucrative. As a freelancer, you can even make dollars. He can have overseas customers. Also, You are not allowed to have a fixed salary. Instead, they receive project-related remuneration. But as a freelance interior designer, you can earn a good month’s income.

What is interior design? Interior design is related to how we experience space. It is a powerful integral part of our daily lives and influences how we live, work, play, and even heal. A comfortable home, a functional workplace, beautiful public spaces – that’s work interior design, only make on Dream Design Property.

The best interior designers make it easy;

Designers create spaces that anticipate our needs and appeal to our emotions while leveraging a wide range of technical skills and knowledge. Interior design has changed dramatically since the early 20th century when it was just beginning to become a profession.

Interior designers are expected to know the following areas:
- Textiles, materials, colors, layout, sustainability, etc.
- Software application for 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) and building information modeling (BIM).
- Also, Construction requirements, health, and safety issues, and building codes.
Today, interior designers work with building contractors, architects, engineers, craftspeople, furniture dealers, companies, and homeowners. To become a successful interior designer, you need extensive training and skills to work across many disciplines (architecture, graphic design, applied arts, textiles, furniture, and lighting design).

What is the difference between a decorator and a designer?

In fact, anyone can become an interior designer if there are the mindset and creative attributes discussed below. A person who enjoys playing with colors, fabrics, and textiles can become a decorator simply by printing business cards and advertising for clients. On the other hand, interior designers must have assigned training; A bachelor’s degree is required to work in the interior design field. That’s why it’s important to know what exactly to pursue.

Specialization in interior design;

Interior design does not have to mean designing and planning interiors for residences and other living spaces. There are several career opportunities in interior design to choose from, such as furniture designer, exhibition designer, lighting designer, kitchen designer, architect, architectural technologist, product designer, textile designer, stylist, and product designer.

Salary of an interior designer;

For entry-level interior designers, the average income for an interior designer is around $1,341 (4 lakh rupees) per year, while senior interior designers can earn up to $40,230 (30 lakh rupees) per year. The right salary depends on many factors, such as education, location, work experience, and company size. More importantly, one needs to win over potential customers by impressing them with exposure and experience they value.

Education of an interior designer;

Education is the best way to acquire the skills you need to be successful. And in a culture that’s increasingly embracing do-it-yourself design, degrees give you the data you need to compete and get customers’ attention.

The ASID (American Society of Interior Designers) states that:

“Completing a specialization, either as an associate or an undergraduate, is becoming increasingly important for the interior design profession. There is currently interior designer licensing requirements in 26 countries and jurisdictions. Many of these countries cannot even call yourself an interior designer unless you achieve or exceed a certain level of accredited education and in some cases pass a proficiency test conducted by the NCIDQ (National Council for Interior Design Qualification). The regulation of interior design practice is becoming more extensive.”

With a strong professional focus, internships at the New York School of Interior Design give you access to interns and designers with hands-on experience – an invaluable connection that will serve you throughout your career.

Who can choose a profession as an interior designer career?

Are you interested in art and design? Do you have creative thinking? Then interior design is the right profession for you. Also, You can check starting salaries for interior designers from sources. As you begin this career, you may need to possess the following qualities:
- Residential and commercial property design.
- Project implementation according to customer requirements.
- Excellent communication skills, and.
- Ideal or Creativity is an important part of this career.
Training (Educational Qualification) as an interior designer;

Before choosing a career, it is important to know the academic degree required. Here are some points for this:
- You must have a high school diploma or a 10+2 education.
- The aggregate estimate obtained should be in the range of 40-55%. This can vary from University to institution or private college.
- Computer literacy is an added benefit. It is always desirable to have some technical knowledge because the maximum design is done in computer systems.
What skills do you need to become an interior designer?

Following Skills You Might Really Know To Be An Interior Designer, explain in detail below;

Ability to properly design:

To become an interior designer, it is understandable that one needs to know color, interior design, architecture, and textiles, various skills are required as designers also work with builders, architects, authorities, and entrepreneurs. This includes studying the history of design, computer-aided drawing, the structural integrity of buildings, building codes, ergonomics, spatial concepts, ethics, and even psychology.

Communication skills:

To be a successful interior designer, you need to be educated and versatile. In addition to technical skills such as interior design, furniture design, engineering drawings, material knowledge, and familiarity with furniture tools, a good harmony between interpersonal and communicative competence must be developed to maintain good networks with customers, contractors, and suppliers. Of course, you must have the brains to send it to market and design services and update it regularly.

Precise information:

Some details can be tedious, but to work on a particular project, knowing those details is very important for an interior designer. Learning about plumbing, electrical, and load-bearing wall codes may not be exciting, but it’s necessary. Learning such things gives interior designers an edge and marketability that decorators don’t have.

Following the trend:

Interior design has become a competitive business. To be successful, you have to draw people’s attention to the design. Future trends such as population growth, senior design, modern architecture, and green design can help gain a foothold in the labor market. You need to keep up with the latest design trends by reading design publications and websites, communicating with other designers, and following mentors.

What does an interior designer do?
- An interior designer based in Atlanta, Georgia (GA); Assist senior executives with on-site visits to review, monitor, and report progress, and perform other construction management tasks such as:
- Interior designer in Austin, Texas (TX); Do all finishing and furniture work by the project design parameters. Interact with all visitors and colleagues in a mature, responsible and courteous manner to ensure a positive and professional environment.
- Interior designer in Maryville, Tennessee (TN); Stay up to date on the latest trends in the design industry. Create floor plans and sketches.
Job advertisements (careers) for interior designers;

Interior Architect I develop plans and projects for the interior design of residential, commercial, or industrial buildings according to client requirements. Create functional and aesthetic designs that help increase productivity, increase sales, attract customers, or increase living space. As an interior designer, I am responsible for planning the use and division of space and decorating it with paint, furniture, lighting fixtures, and more. Develop drawings, presentations, and estimates and coordinate contractor work. Requires a bachelor’s degree in the field. In addition, an interior designer usually reports to a supervisor or manager. To become an interior designer I usually need 0-2 years’ experience. Work in a support role on projects/problems of limited complexity. This work is strictly managed. If you are an interior architect or designer, what is the interior design project manager’s salary below are the;

Income or Salary of an interior designer in India;

Interior designer salaries in India can vary in different states and cities depending on the country. Do you know what is the interior designer’s salary per month or year? The below are;
- The salary package for an interior designer is between Rs 2,50,000 and Rs 20,00,000 per year.
- Also, the average hourly salary for an interior designer is Rs 250-350.
- However, the maximum hourly rate is around 820 rupees, according to the latest news.
- In some organizations, interior designer salaries in India come with bonuses, profit sharing, and commissions.
- For interior designers, over time between 50 and 2050 Rs is also provided.
Income or Salary of an interior designer in the United States;

How much should I pay for an interior designer in the US? The median salary for an Interior Designer I in the United States is $47,837 as of June 2021, but the range is typically between $37,932 and $52,457. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors including education, degree certifications, professional and additional skills, and the number of years you have spent in your profession. With more real-time online performance data than any other website, Salary.com helps you determine the right payment term. Do you know what is the interior designer salary per month or year? The Average income for Interior Designer in the United States is about $53,000 per year. The interior designer gains through experience;
- The top interior designer earnings start at $44.45 per hour and $92,459 per year.
- Profits for senior interior designers start at $34.07 per hour and $70,874 per year.
- Mid-range interior designer benefits start at $25.36 per hour and $52,747 per year.
- Junior interior designer salary benefits start at $18.87 per hour, or $39,256 a year.
- Also, Entry-level interior designer earnings start at $14.47 per hour, $30,091 per year.
Interior Designer Income Salary, Career, and Education; Image by Lorenzo Cafaro from Pixabay.
July 14, 2021
Creative Home Business Ideas for Men and Women in 2021

In case you’re looking for creative home business ideas for men and women, you’ve gone to the correct spot, 30+ best small work in 2021. Making cash working from home is simpler than it’s consistently been. Also, It wasn’t such a long time ago that working from home implied providing menial helper administrations or working in client assistance.

30+ best Small work from Creative Home Business Ideas for Men and Women in 2021, here is the article to explain.

Times have definitely changed, however, and working from home doing what you love is within your scope. How amazing is it that you can begin a home business making cash from your leisure activities? You would now be able to bring in cash from your paintings, realistic plans, handmade gems, candles, and quite a lot more. In this article, we share 30+ work creative small business ideas from home for men and women;

Start a Website and Blog

Do you have a diversion that you might want to impart to the world? You can annal your diversion through a blog. Also, This is an extraordinary path for housewives to bring in cash as well. For instance, on the off chance that you appreciate cooking; you can begin a blog where you share your plans or tips and deceives in the kitchen.

You can adapt your blog through advertisements, subsidiary marketing, supported posts, or by offering your own items, (for example, digital books) or administrations. In case you’re prepared to begin your blog, Bluehost has an extraordinary arrangement! If you buy your hosting through Bluehost for just $3.95 every month, they’ll give you a free domain name. Also, Starting an own blog and website is the best own business for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Small Business Ideas.

Start a YouTube Channel Online

If writing isn’t for you, and you’re comfortable with video, consider starting a YouTube channel online. Besides earning advertisement income through Google AdSense, you can likewise bring in cash using supported recordings, partner links, or by selling your own merchandise. Also, this is another best option to start your own business for Men and Women, who want to Small Business Ideas for youtube videos.

YouTube is a video share platform where you can share any sort of video seems like instruction, innovation, information, wellbeing and wellness, information and wellbeing, individuals, voyagers, news and media, and entertainment, music, film, and movement, and so on Huh. It is likewise the second-biggest web crawler on the planet. It comes after the Google web search tool on the planet.

Art Painting

You can sell your original work of art, or make custom pictures of individuals and their pets. Furthermore, you can transform your craft into great prints and sell them as physical or advanced merchandise.

Independent and freelance Writing

You can bring in cash as an independent and freelance essayist by submitting your work to lingering writing destinations, visitor posting on web journals that pay, selling prewritten article bundles, or writing your own digital books.

Also, Freelance writers or essayists will frequently ask me for the best independent writing locales to find paid work online. And while there is a huge load of destinations that can help you find independent work, for the most part, you’re better off looking to freelance writing locales explicitly.

Instead of playing the networking game, waiting for references, or playing the substance creation game and hoping something comes through in the long run, these freelance writing locales put thousands of online writing occupations at your fingertips today. Also, this is the best idea for start-ups for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Small Business Ideas for writing skills.

Visual depiction or Graphic design

Utilize your visual depiction abilities and market to likely customers. Make and sell logos, delineations, and more in online commercial centers like FontBundles, DesignBundles, Creative Market, and more. You can likewise promote your administrations on sites like Upwork or Fiverr.

Also, the graphic design utilizes visual organizations to take care of issues and convey thoughts through typography, symbolism, shading, and structure. There’s nobody approach to do that, and that is the reason there are a few kinds of graphic design, each with its own space of specialization.

Even though they regularly cover, each kind of graphic design requires a particular arrangement of abilities and design strategies. Numerous designers work in a solitary kind; others center around a bunch of related, comparable sorts. But since the business is continually changing, designers should be versatile and long-lasting students so they can change or add specializations all through their vocations.

Photo, Pictures and Photography

What is Photography? Photography is the craft of catching the light with a camera, for the most part using a computerized sensor or film, to make a picture. With the correct camera hardware; also, you can even photo frequencies of light imperceptible to the natural eye, including UV, infrared, and radio.

You can sell your photos on stock photography sites. Some well-known choices are SmugMug, iStockphoto, and Shutterstock. Furthermore, you can set up a photo studio in your home and offer pictures to customers. You can likewise photo on the spot. Also, It is the best own start-up for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Small Business Ideas for love photography.

Instruct and Teaching Courses

If you need to sell your abilities at a higher worth, creating an online course could be a decent alternative. Courses are commonly more top to bottom than digital books, and therefore can command a more prominent worth. The incredible thing about courses is that there’s no restriction to what you can educate. If you visit the Skillshare online course platform, you’ll see a wide scope of courses, for example, book of scriptures journaling, photography, activities, business, and more.

WEB Developer

Enormous organizations, private companies, and bloggers need useful sites and are looking for individuals to make them. If you have web development experience, go into business to create sites for customers. Also, You can likewise make premade site formats and sell them on your own site, or in a topic commercial center as I do here at Beautiful Dawn Designs. Also, It is the best own business for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Small Business Ideas in 2021.

Since its beginnings toward the finish of the twentieth century, the web has developed dramatically. In the advanced world, an immense level of individuals utilizes the Internet and a wide range of websites consistently. Normally, a few groups choose to figure out how to make them, consequently “What is a web developer?” is an ordinarily posed inquiry. Also, Web advancement is rapidly getting perhaps the most appealing and best-paid vocation decisions in the cutting-edge world. Yet, what is a web developer and what precisely does one do?

Also, You may have considered learning a programming language or two and turning into a web developer. Fortunately for you, we comprehend that hopeful web developers will have inquiries concerning the calling, which is the reason we have assembled this complete guide, which intends to address the above questions and that’s only the tip of the iceberg.

Fiverr Gigs

Fiverr is a colossal commercial center for independent administrations. Administrations on Fiverr are evaluated starting a $5, thus the name. Also, You can offer Fiverr administrations, including music and sound, visual communication, advanced marketing, programming, and substantially more.

ONLINE Coaching

On the off chance that you love helping individuals arrive at their objectives, a home-based coaching business could be for you. Being a holistic mentor doesn’t need a permit, be that as it may, being ensured helps increase your odds of gaining customers and permits you to raise your rates. Also, It is the best own start-up of coaching for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Business Ideas for teaching lovers.

Stitch, Crochet or Knitting

If you have an enthusiasm for stitch or knitting, you can sell your manifestations online. Regardless of whether it is an actual item or an advanced PDF design, there is a demand out there for sewed and stitched things.

Adornments or Jewelry

Handmade adornments things as accessories, wristbands, earrings, and rings are famous things to sell. Also, Etsy is an extraordinary commercial center for selling handmade adornments. Figure out how to begin your adornments business with the Fast Start Your Jewelry Business course.

Sell Thrifted Items and product

For any individual who appreciates thrifting, you can sell your finds on sites like Craigslist, Facebook Marketplace, ThredUp, Etsy, and eBay.

Sale Merchandise

This goes in hand with visual depiction. Also, You can make novel plans and make them ready to move on items like mugs, shirts, handbags, and more. Besides, on the off chance that you don’t have visual computerization experience; you can employ somebody to make plans for you. Famous sites for selling your craftsmanship on items are Zazzle, Society 6, and TeeSpring.

Invitations

Make and sell invitations for birthday celebrations, weddings, and more. Also, You can sell invitations discount, or make custom invitations for customers. Also, this is the best own business for Men and Women, who want to Creative Home Business Ideas for events.

Earthenware or Pottery

Making a living as a potter can be a rewarding encounter. Also, You can make handmade earthenware and sell it in your online store with Shopify, or an online commercial center like Etsy.

WOOD Working

Open an online store with Shopify or Etsy and bring in cash selling your wood projects. Well-known wood activities to sell online include signs, kids’ toys, growers, checkerboards, and liners.

Wreaths

Selling wreaths can be a great method to bring in cash. You can sell your wreaths at creating shows, on your own site, or in an online commercial center. Also, You may likewise have the option to sell them at a discount.

WEDDING Decorator

Run a home-based wedding decorating business. While you will do some traveling as a wedding decorator, this is a business that can be run from your home office.

Selling Prints

Transform your work of art into postcards, greeting cards, or outlined workmanship. Also, You can sell them in your own Shopify Store, or the Etsy commercial center.

Specialty and Craft Supplies

There is an appeal for making supplies. Purchase make supplies discount and exchange them. In case you’re looking for a spot to sell your art supplies, Etsy and Shopify are a decent decision. Look at Worldwide Brands for discount providers in each significant classification.

Catering

Do you appreciate cooking for other people? You can acquire a benefit for your energy by starting a home-based catering business. There are a ton of steps involved in running your own catering business, so ensure you do your exploration beforehand.

Travel Planner and Agent

As an at-home travel planner, you can help individuals plan their excursions. At the point when you telecommute, you can decide to work for an organization or go into business. Also, The Work from Home Wife has an incredible article featuring 30 Work-From-Home Travel Jobs to Consider.

Occasion or Event Planning

Do you get enjoyment from planning parties? Becoming an occasion organizer might be the ideal work-from-home business for you. Pursue the Event Planning Toolkit for apparatuses on learning how to design a fruitful occasion.

Sewing

Sewing is an excelling ability to present and is something numerous individuals don’t have insight into. In case you’re gifted at sewing, you can acquire a full-time income through an at-home sewing business. You can offer modification and repair, custom sewing projects, handmade artworks, (for example, extravagant toys, and sacks), and more.

Cosmetology

Is it true that you are an authorized beautician? However long you have the legitimate licenses, you can work a salon out of your home.

Start a Podcast

Digital recordings are large at present. If you have a point or specialty, you appreciate discussing, starting a digital recording might be a decent alternative for you. Digital broadcasts are by and large inexpensive to begin and as a podcaster, you can bring in cash through sponsorships, items, coaching, books, crowdfunding, offshoot marketing, and more.

Vinyl Sign CREATOR

I’m certain you’ve seen those beautiful vinyl signs around your town promoting deals, political candidates, businesses, and more. As your client base develops, you may even choose to expand by hiring workers. Make a vinyl sign shop can be an exceptionally rewarding business.

Sale Beats

Music makers throughout the planet are making cash by selling their beats online. As a music maker, you can procure thousands of dollars each month selling your own beats. Also, You can sell your beats on your own site, Airbit, and Bandcamp.

Start a Candle Making

Starting a candle-making business is a fun and creative approach to bring in cash. While costs change, the startup cost for a candle-making business is around $150-$250, making candle-making an affordable business to begin. Look at my post How to Make Money Selling Candles from Home to figure out how to begin your own candle business, creative business ideas to do from home.

Heated and Baked Goods

The heated merchandising industry has filled in fame throughout the long term. As a home-based baking business, you can sell an assortment of delectable treats like cupcakes, cakes, treats, pies, muffins, and more. Foodservice businesses are controlled by your Occupational Health and Safety Department. Also, Make certain to investigate the guidelines for your state if you need to begin your own pastry shop business.

Audiobook and Book recording Narrator

Do individuals at any point disclose to you that you have a pleasant voice? With a little practice, you can have a vocation as an independently employed book recording storyteller. Also, You can find independent work on destinations like Fiverr, Upwork, and Voices.com. As a book recording storyteller, you can procure around $20-$30 60 minutes.

Editorial and Publication Services

Get paid to peruse and alter stories and articles by working as an independent copyeditor or editor. There are a few independent destinations that you can offer your administrations on, similar to Guru or Get a Freelancer.

Bookmarks

Indeed, even with the prevalence of digital books, there are a lot of perusers out there that like to peruse actual books. That implies there’s definitely a market out there of individuals looking for novel bookmarks. For more information on starting your own bookmark business, look at my post How to Make Money Online Selling Bookmarks.

Tarot Card Readings

If you have a present for reading Tarot cards, you’ve most likely thought to be starting your own Tarot reading business. On the off chance that this sounds spot on, I have some uplifting news for you. You can definitely make low maintenance or even a full-time income by reading Tarot cards for your customers. If you need to additional upgrade your insight and intuition, I recommend checking out The Psychic School. Also, They have an incredible assortment of courses that will help bring clearness and attention to intuitive and energy healers.

Sale Pintable’s

Creating printables is a helpful ability for bloggers to have because you can utilize printables as an incentive for individuals to pursue your email list. You can likewise bring in cash online by selling your printables in your online store. Look at my post How to Make Money Online Selling Printables kick off your printable business.

30+ best small work from Creative Home Business Ideas for Men and Women in 2021; Image by Mudassar Iqbal from Pixabay.

May 9, 2021
Explaining of Product Design Tools in Production Management
Several tools and techniques are available for the efficient design and development of products. The Concept of study – Explaining of Product Design Tools in Production Management with Techniques for Improving Product Design Process. These tools address all the stages of design and development. Some of the tools that are available for product designers to understand customer’s needs and translate them into meaningful design and manufacturing specifications, as well as some guidelines for incorporating the manufacturing requirements at the design stage.

Understand and Learn, Explaining of Product Design Tools in Production Management.

Understanding Customer Needs: The first step of the product design and development process is to know what exactly the product is going to be. Organizations need various methods by which they can obtain information regarding the needs of the customers.

This can be by:

Market Research:

In market research, the target group identifies, and appropriate sampling is done within the target group. Using structured data collection methods, such as questionnaire surveys and interviews, information solicit from the sample. The information subjects to statistical and other analytical reasoning before arriving at customers’ preferences and needs.

We talk about Production and market systems, laser marking systems running around 30 years. They produce materials such as METALS, PLASTIC, FOILS AND PAINTS, ORGANIC MATERIALS, and other application. LASIT is a company of one hundred people who develop laser marking technologies with passion and dedication. They are big enough to make the difference, but also small enough to take care of every single customer. The Study and Design team ensures traceability, production chain control, brand visibility, and industrial process automation.

Competitive Analysis:

Understanding what the existing offerings are now and how the gaps and problems identified could be eliminated can sometimes offer valuable inputs to the designer. One method of competitor analysis is to “reverse engineer” the product. The competitors’ product is dismantled down to individual components level and some detailed studies are conducted on them. These may sometimes reveal the probable processes utilized in their manufactures such as the choice of materials and their specifications and the relationship between these parameters and performance. Reverse engineering is one crude method of a larger issue of benchmarking.

In the case of benchmarking, competitive product offerings are chosen for detailed analysis. Specific parameters are chosen for the benchmarking exercise. For example, cost, features, performance, ease of maintenance, ease of manufacture, assembly, and distribution are some of the issues on which comparative study may be possible. Once these parameters are identified, data collection and analysis will reveal the positioning of ones’ products vis-à-vis the competitor’s offerings. Another method for competitive analysis is to develop perceptual maps. Perceptual maps are the graphical representation of various competitors offering and that of ones’ own proposed product and/or service.

Quality Function Deployment:

The goal of good product design is to bring out products that satisfy customer’s needs better than those of the competitions. However, the attributes of competitor satisfaction are often qualitative. On the other hand, the product design process results in a bundle of quantitative attributes about the product. The challenge, therefore for a designer is to ensure that the transformation from qualitative attributes to quantitative ones is smooth and complete.

Quality function deployment is a Japanese tool that helps organizations achieve this transition systematically and progressively Quality Function Deployment achieves these transition .in four stages. The first stage links customer needs to the design attributes required. In the second stage, the design attributes form the basis for actions that the firm needs to take to achieve these attributes. The actions identified at this stage are the basis for third staging arriving at the specific decisions to be implemented. In the fourth stage, the implementation decisions drive the process plan to deploy.

Value Engineering:

Value Engineering refers to a set of activities undertaken to investigate the design of components in a designing process strictly from a cost-value perspective. Typically, the design professionals brainstorm various options in conjunction with procurement, personnel, suppliers, and production personnel, concerning the value-cost dimensions of the product being designed.

Usually, several questions are addressed, which include the following:
- Can we eliminate certain features from design?
- Are there instances of over design of certain components increase the cost?
- Are there certain features of the design that cost more than they are worth?
- Is it possible to replace the proposed method of manufacture with less costly ones?
- Is it possible to outsource some of the components?
- Can we eliminate some parts and replace them with standard parts?
- Are there opportunities for cost-cutting by developing import substitution methods?
Design for manufacturability:

Design for manufacturability (DFM) is a structural approach to ensure that manufacturing requirements and preferences consider fairly early in the design process without the need for extensive coordination between the two. DFM guidelines address three sets of generic requirements:

Reducing the variety:

They below;
- Minimize the number of parts.
- Minimize subassemblies.
- Avoid separate fasteners.
- Use standard parts when possible.
- Design parts for multi-use.
- Develop the modular design, and.
- Use repeatable and understood processes.
Reducing cost:

They are;
- Analyze failures, and.
- Assess value rigorously.
Considering operational convenience:

They follow are;
- Simplify operations.
- Eliminate adjustments.
- Avoid tools.
- Design for minimum handling, top-down assembly, and efficient and adequate testing.
Tools for mass customization:

Mass customization provides a structural set of ideas and tools to provide high levels of customization without increasing the complexity of planning and control operations.

The various tools and techniques of mass customization are;
- Employ a variety of reduction techniques.
- Promote the modular design, The advantage of the modular design is that with fewer subassemblies (or modules) it will be possible to create a very large number of final products.
- Make use of the concept of a product platform. A product platform is a collection of assets that share by a set of products. These assets can be components, including parts, designs, fixtures, and tools or manufacturing processes for manufacturing or assembly.
Techniques for Improving Product Design Process:

Many companies who know for their creativity and innovation in product design fail to get new products into the markets. The problems associated with converting ideas into finished products maybe because of poor manufacturing practices and poor design. Design decisions affect sales strategies, the efficiency of manufacturing, production cost, the speed of maintenance, etc.

A complete restructuring of the decision-making process and the participants in the decision process is essential for the improvement in the design process. Over the wall concept of design i.e., a series of walls between various functional areas must be broken down and replaced with new co-operative interaction amongst the people from various functional areas.

The improvement of the design process can achieve through:

1. Multifunctional Design Teams:

The team approach to product design has proved to be more beneficial worldwide. The participants of the design team include persons from marketing, manufacturing, and engineering, and purchase functions for the effective design process. The critical success factor between success and failure of new product launches is the involvement and interaction of creates – make and market functions from the beginning of the design product.

2. Marking Design Decisions Concurrently Instead of Sequential Decisions:

Concurrent design decisions reduce the time and cost of designs decision. Decisions are overlapping rather than sequential concurrent design is an approach to design that teams. The concurrent design process believes in “Cost plus” prices as contrasted by cost minus pricing in concurrent design.

3. Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA):

It is a process of designing a product so that it can be manufactured with ease and economically. It also calls design for production. Designing for production is a concept by which a designer thinks about how the product will make as the product designing so that potential production problems caused by design and can resolve early in the design process. This concept believes in simplifying design and standardizing parts and processes used.

The basic principles of DFMA are:
1. Minimize the number of parts.
2. Use common components and parts.
3. Use standard components and tools.
4. Simplify assembly.
5. Use modularity to obtain variety.
6. Make product specifications and tolerances reasonable.
7. Ensign products to be robust.
4. Design Review:

Before finalizing a design, formal procedures for analyzing possible failures and rigorously assessing the value of every part and components should be followed. The techniques such as Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis FMEGAX Value Engineering (VE) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). FMECA is a systematic approach to analyzing the causes and effects of product failures. It anticipates failures and prevents them from occurring.

Value analysis is a design methodology developed by Lawrence Miles in the late 1940s that focuses on the function of the product, rather than on its structure or form and tries to maximize the economic value of a product or component relative to its cost. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) emphasizes the interrelationship among failures. It lists failures and their causes in a tree format.

5. Design for Environment:

Design for Environment (DOE) involves designing products from recycled materials, using materials or components, which can be recycled. It promotes the concept of green products clean energy and environment-friendly products.

6. Quality Function Deployment (QFD):

Making design decisions concurrently rather than sequentially requires superior co-ordination amongst all the participants involved in designing, producing, procuring, and marketing. QFD is a powerful tool that translates the voice of the customer into the design requirements and specifications of a product. It uses inter-functional teams from design, marketing, and manufacturing.

QFD process begins with studying and listening to customers to determine the characteristics of a superior product. Through marketing research, the consumer’s product needs and preferences define and broken down into categories called “Customer Requirements” and the weight based on their relative importance to the customer.

Customer requirements information forms the basis for a matrix called the house of quality. By building the house of the quality matrix, the cross-functional QFD teams can use customer feedback to make engineering, marketing, and design decisions.

The matrix helps to translate customer requirements into concrete operating or engineering goals. QFD is a communication and planning tool that promotes a better/understanding of customer demands, promotes a better understanding of design interactions, involves manufacturing in the design process, and provides documentation of the design process.

Explaining of Product Design Tools in Production Management, Image Credit to Pixabay.
June 29, 2018