Tag: Conflict

  • What are the Strategies of Conflict Management?

    What are the Strategies of Conflict Management?

    Learn, What are the Strategies of Conflict Management? Explaining!


    Conflict Management is the practice of being able to identify and handle struggles with a fair, efficient and efficient way. Since collision in a business is a natural part of the workplace, it is important that there are people who understand the struggles and know how to solve them. It is more important than ever before in today’s market. Everyone is trying to show how much they work for a valuable company, and occasionally, this may lead to a dispute with other members of the team. Also learn, the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational, What are the Strategies of Conflict Management?

    What is conflict management? Conflict Management is the process of limiting the negative aspects of the conflict while increasing the positive aspects of the conflict. The purpose of conflict management is to learn, including the effectiveness or performance in an organizational setting and to increase the results of the group. Properly managed conflict groups can improve the results. What is the Deductive Method of Economics?

    The Strategies of Conflict Management!

    In any situation involving more than one person, conflict can arise. The causes of conflict range from philosophical differences and divergent goals to power imbalances. Unmanaged or poorly managed conflicts generate a breakdown in trust and lost productivity. For small businesses, where success often hinges on the cohesion of a few people, loss of trust and productivity can signal the death of the business. Conflicts happen. How an employee responds and resolves conflict will limit or enable that employee’s success. With a basic understanding of the five conflict management strategies, small business owners can better deal with conflicts before they escalate beyond repair.

    Here are five conflict styles or strategies that a manager will follow according to Kenneth W. Thomas and Ralph H. Kilmann:

    Accommodating!

    The accommodating strategy essentially entails giving the opposing side what it wants. The use of accommodation often occurs when one of the parties wishes to keep the peace or perceives the issue as minor. For example, a business that requires formal dress may institute a “casual Friday” policy as a low-stakes means of keeping the peace with the rank and file. An accommodating manager is one who cooperates to a high degree. This may be at the manager’s own expense and actually work against that manager’s own goals, objectives, and desired outcomes. This approach is effective when the other person is the expert or has a better solution. Employees who use accommodation as a primary conflict management strategy, however, may keep track and develop resentment.

    Avoiding!

    The avoidance strategy seeks to put off conflict indefinitely. By delaying or ignoring the conflict, the avoider hopes the problem resolves itself without a confrontation. Those who actively avoid conflict frequently have low esteem or hold a position of low power. Avoiding an issue is one way a manager might attempt to resolve the conflict. This type of conflict style does not help the other staff members reach their goals and does not help the manager who is avoiding the issue and cannot assertively pursue his or her own goals. However, this works well when the issue is trivial or when the manager has no chance of winning. In some circumstances, avoiding can serve as a profitable conflict management strategy, such as after the dismissal of a popular but unproductive employee. The hiring of a more productive replacement for the position soothes much of the conflict.

    Collaborating!

    Collaboration works by integrating ideas set out by multiple people. The object is to find a creative solution acceptable to everyone. Collaboration, though useful, calls for a significant time commitment not appropriate to all conflicts. Collaborating managers become partners or pair up with each other to achieve both of their goals in this style. This is how managers break free of the win-lose paradigm and seek the win-win. This can be effective in complex scenarios where managers need to find a novel solution. For example, a business owner should work collaboratively with the manager to establish policies, but collaborative decision-making regarding office supplies wastes time better spent on other activities.

    Compromising!

    The compromising strategy typically calls for both sides of a conflict to give up elements of their position in order to establish an acceptable, if not agreeable, solution. This strategy prevails most often in conflicts where the parties hold approximately equivalent power. This is the lose-lose scenario where neither person nor manager really achieves what they want. This requires a moderate level of assertiveness and cooperation. It may be appropriate for scenarios where you need a temporary solution or where both sides have equally important goals. Business owners frequently employ compromise during contract negotiations with other businesses when each party stands to lose something valuable, such as a customer or necessary service. What are the Strategies for Management Conflict in Organizations?

    Competing!

    Competition operates as a zero-sum game, in which one side wins and other loses. Highly assertive personalities often fall back on competition as a conflict management strategy. The competitive strategy works best in a limited number of conflicts, such as emergency situations. This is the win-lose approach. A manager is acting in a very assertive way to achieve his or her own goals without seeking to cooperate with other employees, and it may be at the expense of those other employees. This approach may be appropriate for emergencies when the time is of the essence. In general, business owners benefit from holding the competitive strategy in reserve for crisis situations and decisions that generate ill-will, such as pay cuts or layoffs.

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  • What are the Strategies for Management Conflict in Organizations?

    What are the Strategies for Management Conflict in Organizations?

    Learn, the Strategies for Management Conflict in Organizations!


    What is conflict management? Conflict Management is the process of limiting the negative aspects of the conflict while increasing the positive aspects of the conflict. The purpose of conflict management is to learn, including the effectiveness or performance in an organizational setting and to increase the results of the group. Properly managed conflict groups can improve the results. Also learn, the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational, What are the Strategies for Management Conflict in Organizations?

    The Strategies for managing conflict, Mainly three different strategies are used for handling conflict in organizations:

    1. Stimulation of Conflicts!

    The following methods may use the management to stimulate conflict.

    Reorganization!

    Changing the structure of an organization is an effective method of stimulating conflict. When work groups and departments are reorganized, new relations and responsibilities arise. Members try to readjust themselves and in this process, improved methods of operations may develop.

    Use of Informal Communication!

    Managers may manipulate messages in such a way as to stimulate conflict e.g., a department is to abolished can reduce apathy, stimulate new ideas and force revaluation of existing practices. Rumors may intelligently plant in the informal communication system. Conflict can also stimulate by redirecting message and altering channels of communication.

    Encouraging Competition!

    Healthy competition between individuals and groups may stimulate through properly administered incentives. Bonuses, incentive pay and rewards for excellent performance can foster the competitive spirit in the organization. As one group struggles hard to out-perform the other, constructive conflict will occur.

    Bringing in Outsiders!

    Management may shake up a stagnant organization by bringing in people whose attitudes, values and styles differ significantly from the prevailing norms. When such heterogeneous persons join an organization, status quo is disturbed. Divergent opinions, innovative ideas, and originality can develop. Also read, What is the Sources of Conflict in Organizations?

    2. Prevention of Conflicts!

    To prevent conflicts, the following strategies may employ:

    Reducing Interdependence!

    The potential for conflict is very high when two or more departments are interdependent and share scarce resources. Therefore, conflict may minimize by reducing interdependence among departments.

    Rotation of Personnel!

    Rotation of employees between interdependent departments can improve perception and mutual understanding. Employees may see the big picture and exchange views with one another. Employees become more considerate and co-operative.

    Establishing superordinate Goals!

    A difference in goals is a common cause of conflict in organizations. Goal differences can avoid by establishing mutually agreed goals. A superordinate goal is a common goal that appeals to all the parties and cannot achieve by the resources of any single party. In order to achieve the superordinate goal, conflicting parties sink their differences and cooperate together. For example, severe competition may force different departments to work together to ensure the survival and growth of the organization. Thus, a common threat or enemy may act as a great unifying force.

    Creation of Mutual Trust and Communication!

    The greater the trust among the members of the unit, the more open and honest the communication will be. Individuals and groups should encourage to communicate openly with each other so that misunderstandings can remove and able to understand the problems of each other.

    3. Resolution of Conflicts!

    Some of the common approaches towards conflict resolution are as under:

    Compromise!

    This is the traditional method of resolving the conflict. It is a process of bargaining wherein the parties negotiate on the basis of giving and take to arrive at some agreement. There is no distinct winner or loser because each party is expecting to sacrifice something in exchange for a concession. Compromise is commonly using where the conflict involves differences in goals, values or attitudes. It is effective when the sought-after goal, e.g., resources can divide between the parties.

    Smoothing!

    It is the process of suppressing differences existing between parties to the conflict and emphasizing common interests. Sharing of opinions removes misunderstanding and both parties realize that they are not far apart. Smoothing or accommodating may be useful when the conflict is associated with aggressive feelings among the parties. However, it can use only as a short-term measure for resolving the conflict.

    Problem Solving!

    In this technique, an attempt is made to bring the conflicting parties together and to share the mutual problems. The focus is on sharing of information to avoid misunderstanding and to find out areas of common interest. The question of who is right or who is wrong is avoiding. This method is suitable for resolving conflicts arising out of misunderstanding.

    Dominance or Confrontation!

    In this technique, parties to the conflict are left free to settle their score by mobilizing their strengths and capitalizing on the weaknesses of others. Parties use weapons like fights, arguments, and intimidation to win over each other. One party’s gain is another party’s loss. This technique is adopting when both the parties adopt a very rigid stand. Confrontation may aggravate the struggle and contribute little to finding out innovative or constructive solutions acceptable to all. The stronger party ultimately dominates the weaker party.

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  • What is the Sources of Conflict in Organizations?

    What is the Sources of Conflict in Organizations?

    Learn, What is the Sources of Conflict in Organizations? Explaining!


    In organizations, conflicts can be intra-personal, inter-personal, intra-group or intra-organizational in nature. Intra-personal conflict refers to the conflict within an individual. It arises from frustration, numerous goal which requires equal attention but is not possible to devote and goals having both positive and negative aspects. Inter-personal conflict refers to the conflict between two or more individuals with a group. It arises due to differences in personalities, perceptions, temperaments, values, socio-cultural factors and role ambiguities. Intra-group or intra-organizational conflict refers to the conflict between two or more sections, groups or departments in an organization. The conflict between groups is frequent and highly visible. Also learn, the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational, What is the Sources of Conflict in Organizations?

    Intra-personal conflict arises within an individual member of the organization. It is same as the individual conflict but the organizational problem may be that none of the individuals has a known acceptable alternative in terms of his own goals and perception. Intra-personal conflict generally arises because of between individual goal and organizational goal and other situation where there are widespread uncertainty and scarcity of acceptable alternatives. Uncertainty in a situation may cause by the complexity of the problem and lack of past experience in handling such problems. Conflicts also arise because the organizational alternatives are not acceptable to the individual.

    Intra-organizational conflict encompasses vertical, horizontal, line-staff, and role conflict. Let us briefly examine these.

    Sources of Conflict in Organizations: Vertical conflict!

    Refers to conflicts that occur between individuals at different levels. The conflict between the superior and subordinate is an example of vertical conflict. Such conflicts could happen because of perceived transgression of psychological contract, inadequate and /or ineffective communication, selective perceptions, misperceptions, incongruence in goals, values, cognition, affect, and behavior and any number of other reasons. Also read, How to Development of Human Resource in an Organization?

    Sources of Conflict in Organizations: Horizontal conflict!

    Refers to tensions between employees or groups at the same hierarchical level. Horizontal conflict occurs because of interdependence among the parties concerned in the work situations and /or the common pooled resourced shared. Incompatibility of goal and time orientations often results in horizontal conflict. Differences in time orientations are also instrumental in inter-unit conflicts. Also learn, The Objectives of Human Resource Management!

    Horizontal conflict increases as:

    • Functional interdependence increases among people or groups at the same level (i.e. one has to depend on the other for the completion of its goals).
    • More units depend on common resources that have to share, for e.g. raw materials, and.
    • The fewer the buffers or inventories for the resources shared.

    Sources of Conflict in Organizations: Line-staff conflict!

    Refers to the conflicts that arise between those who assist or act in an advisory capacity (staff) and those. Who has direct authority to create the products, processes, and services of the organization (line)? A Staff manager and line managers usually have different personality predispositions, and goals, and come from different backgrounds. Staff managers have specialized skills and expertise acquired through training and education and have greater technical knowledge. Which is intending to help the line managers who are basically money makers for the organization.

    The Staff people serve as advisors for the line people in as much as they have the expertise to streamline methods and help in cost-cutting mechanisms. Line managers may, however, feel that the staff people are a nuisance, coming in the way of their performance by always telling them how to do. Their jobs and thrusting their ideas and methods. It is not unusual for line people to resent the fact that they have to “advise” by the staff people. The staff people often frustrated that the line people do not consider all the ideas put forth by them and thereby fail to benefit.

    Sources of Conflict in Organizations: Role Conflicts!

    Arise because different people in the organization are expecting to perform different tasks, and pressures build up when the expectations of the members clash in several ways.

    This could be either because of:

    • Inter-gender Role Conflict – different role senders (bosses) expect the individual to perform different things and these expectations and their messages conflict with each other.
    • Inter-Role Conflict – role requirements associated with membership in one group conflict with role requirements stemming from membership in other groups.
    • Intra-sender Role Conflict – when the same boss expects different incompatible behaviors from one person
    • Person Role Conflict – where the role requirements of an individual conflict with the individual’s moral and ethical values.

    An example!

    The inter-gender role is the president asking the manager to write up the report on the new project and submit it in the next four days, and the auditor asking the same manager to go with him to audit the branch offices today, tomorrow, and the day after! Here, the manager cannot possibly fulfill both role expectations. Inter-role conflict can experience by a supervisor who just attended the manager’s conference. Where he has been told that strict action should take against a group of strikers and the same supervisor. Who is also the member of the union being told that “supervisors should protect the employees from harm”.

    Here the supervisor’s membership to the two groups results in conflicting loyalties and role expectations. Intra-sender role conflict will experience a supervisor. Who is asked to get a lot of her section’s work done? While also being asked to take charge of another section because the supervisor of that section is on a week’s casual leave without a replacement. Person-role conflict is likely to experience by an individual. Who is asked by the boss to bribe a government official get the job done for the department?

    Thus, interpersonal and intergroup conflicts often arise when there is disagreement regarding goals or the methods of attaining them. These conflicts can be either constructive or destructive for the people involved. Several methods exist for resolving conflict and they vary in their potential effectiveness. A key revolves around intended outcomes for oneself and others.

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  • What is the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational?

    What is the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational?

    Learn, What is the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational Conflict? Meaning and Definition!


    Meaning of Conflict in Organizations: Organizational conflict, A Conflict occurs at various levels within the individuals, between the individuals in a group and between the groups in an organization. An issue between two or more parties who have (or think they have) incompatible goals or ideas. A Conflicts may involve deep-rooted moral or value differences, high stakes distributional questions, or can be about who dominates whom. Also learn, The Theory of Human Relationship Management, What is the Conflict in Organizations or Organizational Conflict?

    The Conflict is the perpetual giver of life, although varying views of it may hold. Some may view conflict as being a negative situation which must avoid at any cost. Others may see conflict as being a phenomenon which necessitates management. The Still, others may consider conflict as being. An exciting opportunity for personal growth and so try to use it to his or her best advantage.

    Conflict in Organizations or Organizational Conflict: Organizational conflict, or workplace conflict, is a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived. An opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in organizations. There is the inevitable clash between formal authority and power and those individuals and groups affecting. Also, disputes over how revenues should be divided, how the work should do, and how long and hard people should work.

    There are jurisdictional disagreements among individuals, departments, and between unions and management. There are subtler forms of conflict involving rivalries, jealousies, personality clashes, role definitions, and struggles for power and favor. Also, conflict within individuals – between competing needs and demands – to which individuals respond in different ways.

    Definitions of Organizational Conflict!

    “Working together is not always easy”, it is because of conflict. Conflict is a part of everyday life of an individual and of an organization. It has a considerable impact on employee’s performance, satisfaction, and behavior. It’s not possible to compress the essential ingredients of conflict in a precise definition because it may take several forms.In simple words. It can explain as a collision and disagreement. The conflict may be within an individual, between two or more individuals or between two or more groups within an organization. Also learn, What is an Organization?

    Some important definitions of conflicts in organizations (organizational conflicts) are:

    1. According to J.W.Thomas, “Conflict is a process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about”.

    2. According to Hocker, and Wilmot Conflict, “An expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals”.

    3. According to Follett, “Conflict is the appearance of difference- the difference of opinions of interests”.

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