Tag: Areas

  • 10 Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management PDF

    10 Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management PDF

    How do you understand the 10 Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management Essay PDF? The project management knowledge areas are essentially what you need to know about effective project management. Whether you’re a project manager studying for your Project Management Professional exam, freshening up your knowledge, or just looking to streamline and understand your project management knowledge; the project management knowledge areas found in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge are a good place to start. The small-scale project at hand involves few project team members and a small budget. Mostly, the project team members comprise individuals with little experience or those that have mostly worked on small-scale projects for some years. The small-scale project does involve a large budget since its deliverables do not complicate and thus require minimal funding.

    Here is the article to explain; What are the 10 Different Types of Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management Essay PDF?

    An example of a small-scale project is the development of a Point of Sale (POS) system. The project does not require a lot of funds and experience among the project team members as well as the project manager. Additionally, the resources required for the project are limited. For example, the project team can work with just computing devices such as computers, internet connection devices, and barcode readers and develop the POS system. What is more, a team of just five project team members can complete the project within a short period. Large-scale projects cover a wide scope and require many resources. These projects require a highly-skilled and experienced project team.

    The project manager should have many years of experience in project management to manage such projects since they are complex and require effective resource management. This includes competency in managing the project team effectively to ensure that the project is completed in time and within the stipulated budget. An example of a large-scale project is the development of a social networking website and its mobile applications. In such projects, the project manager should spur the project team to be innovative.

    The success of a large-scale project depends on the innovativeness of the project team. On the other hand, the project manager plays a vital role in the project by demonstrating leadership and management skills in the project. He or she is responsible for facilitating effective communication between the project team and other stakeholders. Below we’ll cover each of the 10 knowledge scopes or areas of project management at a high level along with a few of the process groups or action items associated with each of them.

    10 Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management PDF Image
    10 Knowledge Scope or Areas of Project Management PDF!

    Integration Project Management;

    This is the only area of the PMI knowledge area that covers all the parts of project management. It acts as the umbrella that covers and knits all the other scopes or areas together to form the process of the project management and hence determine the deliverables of the project. It is the same for large and small projects. In the POS system project (small-scale project), integration management will involve planning, executing, and implementing the POS systems as per the requirements of retailers. This includes developing the software, testing it, and selling it to retailers.

    The POS system sold to retailers will comprise software and bar code readers. The retailers will expect to have their computers. As for the social network project (large-scale project), integration management will include all activities starting from the development of the project to set up the live social network. The project can divide into modules assigned to different teams. These modules will then integrate into the final system. For instance, some project team members will require to develop the Android application of the system while others will be developing the iOS version of the system.

    Scope Project Management;

    The scope management area defines the boundaries of the project hence determining the limits and requirements of the project. The scope of the project defines before the commencement of the project. The social network project will have wider scopes as compared to the POS system that has a narrow scope. In that regard, the social network project can go further beyond boundaries increasing budget and time resources significantly. For example, developments in the changing social network prism may force the project team to include the latest technology hence widening the project scope. The POS system is not likely to change in terms of scope.

    Time or Schedule Project Management;

    The time or schedule management knowledge area or scope covers the plan defined to manage the time of project completion. The schedule involves dividing the project into milestones that have time scales. Gantt charts use to manage time by creating visual schedules. Time management is similar in large-scale and small-scale projects. For both the social network and the POS system; time is a factor and consider during the formulation of the plan. Starting this project on a small scale term will require less time compared to beginning it on the large scale. Assembling of materials may be easy on a small scale as it is done manually and only involves paper forms. In the social network project, it might take longer to initiate such a project as it involves programming in line with securing the project.

    Cost Project Management;

    Project cost management is a critical aspect of project management since it could lead to project delays or even failure of the project if it is not handled carefully. Cost management requires effective planning that includes estimation techniques. This knowledge area is also dependent on schedule since delays increase project costs. Cost management is complex and demanding in large-scale projects as compared to small-scale projects. For instance, the social network project might cost 100 times the amount the POS system would cost. For this reason, there is the need to ensure that large-scale projects’ finances are effectively estimated; because their budget can bulge enormously.

    Quality Project Management;

    Quality management determines the quality of the deliverables of the project. This knowledge area requires external consultants who task with the responsibility of evaluating the quality of the project. The social network project may require intensive and extensive quality management as compared to small-scale projects. This is because large-scale projects often have high delivery quality as a result of their complex organization. The POS system quality can test by comparing its functionality to the existing POS systems.

    Both the social network project (large-scale) and the POS system project (small-scale) require effective requirement specifications to meet high-quality standards. The process knows as quality assurance and is set by authorities such as ISO. Moreover, system/software testing against quality standards is crucial in quality management. This is included in the quality management plan prepared before the commencement of the project.

    Human Resource Project Management;

    Human resource management is an area that affects both small-scale and large-scale projects. However, large-scale projects comprise diverse project teams with highly-skilled individuals. The social network project will require a lot of human resource management tools and personnel since it comprises a large pool of stakeholders. On the other hand, the POS system does not need intensive human resource management since the project team may comprise less than ten people. Human resource management is mostly influenced by the leadership and management skills of the project manager.

    Communications Project Management;

    Communication management involves how information disseminates to all the stakeholders of the project. The project manager defines communication strategies before the commencement of the project. Usually, communication involves updating external stakeholders on the milestones of the project; as well as ensuring effective collaboration of the project team. The social network project will require extremely structured communication channels since they involve many stakeholders. For a POS system project, a developer can use social media platforms most preferably WhatsApp to channel important notice to his or her clients. The large-scale version would have message pop-ups in the portal or apps.

    Risk Project Management;

    Risk management defines methods of preventing, managing and mitigating risks that expect in the course of the project. Usually, a risk register uses in the management and assessment of risks. The register is larger and complex in the social network project. Both small and large scale projects such as the POS system project and the social network project face risks of defaulting; but, the small scale version may be at a higher risk of this menace. For example, the social network project could challenge by innovations by social network companies such as Facebook.

    The major risks that face large-scale such as the social network project projects are cost and schedule risks. The project is at risk of failing to complete within the stipulated budget and within the scheduled time; because of common challenges internally and externally. On the other hand, the POS system like other small-scale projects is likely to face performance risks due to a limited budget and probably an inexperienced project team. Both projects face market risks due to competition, strategic risks due to errors and technological changes, and legal risks due to changes in legal systems.

    Procurement Project Management;

    Procurement management determines the quality of the deliverables as well as the success of the project. This is because the quality of the resources used for the project will have a direct impact on the project deliverables. The social network project will involve the acquisition of many and expensive resources hence requires a procurement team. The POS system project does not have a procurement team since the project manager can handle the procurement process by consulting the project team on what needs for the project. For both projects, the procurement project is transparent since it conducts through contractual agreements. However, there is the need to conduct a cost-benefit analysis, risk analysis, and cost-utility analysis before procuring project resources.

    Stakeholder Project Management;

    Stakeholder management managing by the top management of an organization in collaboration with the program manager and the project manager for large-scale projects. For small-scale projects, it is conducted by the project manager. Stakeholders must satisfy with the project direction. For this reason, they must actively manage like other parts of the project. For example, the POS system project requires the management of project team members, the sponsor, and the client. As well as For the social network project, stakeholder management should be strategic and must conduct collaboratively by the organization’s CIO, program manager, and project manager.

    References; Different Areas of Project Management. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/project-management/different-areas-of-project-management-6786.php?vref=1

  • Rural Marketing: Meaning, Areas, Features, and Importance

    Rural Marketing: Meaning, Areas, Features, and Importance

    Introduction to Rural Marketing Research: It has involved extraordinary requests both for the marketing scholastics and specialists whether there is a requirement for creating separate techniques for rural markets. Rural marketing research also defines as their Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Areas, Characteristics or Attributes or Highlights or Features, Need or Significance or Importance. How to position Global Marketing in rural marketing? Rural marketing is a gathering of the create item, sensible cost, suitable setting, and right mindfulness.

    Here is the article to explain, Rural Marketing Research – Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Areas, Characteristics or Attributes or Highlights or Features, Need or Significance or Importance.

    Meaning of Rural Marketing: The marketing decides states that the correct item, at the correct cost, at the opportune spot, at the perfect time, through the correct medium should arrive at the correct client. Also, Marketing might depict as the way toward characterizing, envisioning, and knowing client needs and dealing with all the assets of the association to fulfill them.

    The fulfillment of client’s needs and needs gives the presence to the association. The purchaser’s conduct contains the demonstrations, procedures, and social connections appeared by people, gatherings, and associations with items and administrations. Information and comprehension of the thought processes of purchaser conduct help an association in looking for better and progressively powerful approaches to fulfill the customers.

    It assists with choosing suitable deals and publicizing procedures to design marketing programs in an increasingly proficient way. The rural market of India began indicating its potential from the 1960s, their research; and, the ’70s and ’80s demonstrated its consistent turn of events, research paper. During the ’90s, there was a consistent development of the buying intensity of rural India; and there are clear signs that the 21st century is going to see its full blooming.

    Definition of Rural Marketing:

    The investigation of Rural marketing contains every one of the tasks, research paper pdf file, and the offices leading them, associated with the development of ranch created food, crude materials, and their subordinates, like materials, from the homesteads to the last buyers, and the impacts of such procedure on makers, go-betweens, and purchasers.

    According to G.N. Murthy;

    “Rural marketing is the study of all the activity, agency and policy involved in the procurement of farm inputs by the farmers and the movement of rural products from farmers to consumers.”

    According to National Commission on Agriculture are;

    “Rural Marketing is a process which starts with a decision to produce a saleable farm commodity and it involves all the aspects of market structure or system, both functional & institutional, based on technical and economic considerations and includes pre and post-harvest operations, assembling, grading, storage, transportation, and distribution.”

    So we reason that rural marketing in basic words is the arranging and execution of the marketing capacities for rural areas, you may download their research paper ppt and pdf file.

    Areas of Rural Marketing:

    How to run a Rural Marketing campaign? To run a rural marketing effort, you can do the trading of labor and products in three distinct manners and they are-Rural to Rural, Urban to Rural, and Rural to Urban. In this way, to run a Rural Marketing Campaign, you can decide on these three distinct ways. Allow us to talk about Rural Marketing research areas three in detail;

    Rural to Rural:

    This sort of rural marketing comes to set up when rural makers make items for rural buyers or locals. In this sort of marketing, various kinds of items utilize are trucks, cows, ceramics, and so on

    Metropolitan (Urban) to Rural:

    In this sort of rural marketing, items produce in urban communities or metropolitan units make available to the rural market base. Various items that come in this class are buyer durables, FMCG, manures, and so on Rural marketing utilize for augmenting the compass and changes of these items to a rural section of target crowds.

    Rural to Urban:

    Such rural marketing is utilized when items that are developed or fabricated are offered to the metropolitan market. Various items contained in this class are crops, handicraft things, horticultural items, and so on This sort of marketing is likewise very valuable in boosting the monetary standards of the rural populace by assisting them with getting worth and market for their products, and advocating their abilities.

    Rural Marketing Wrap Up;

    Albeit (Although) rural areas have a ton of possibilities to come up as the new modern center, countless difficulties accompany it also. Yet, with an appropriate rural marketing methodology, a portion of these issues can be managed. Winning the rural market is vital in augmenting the devoted client base, leads, deals, and benefits.

    This will likewise help organizations in having a network among rural and metropolitan areas. Also, This network is the most basic factor of comprehensive development which will guarantee a feasible presence to the organizations. How significant do you consider rural marketing procedures for your business? Offer your perspectives about the meaning of rural marketing efforts with us in the remarks.

    Characteristics or attributes or highlights or features of Rural Marketing:

    To zero in on the rural market and to create successful methodologies for tapping the market capability of the Rural Market, the organizations should know the features of the rural marketing research, which are depicted as follows:

    Huge, Diverse, and Scattered Market:

    The rural market in India is enormous and dispersed into a few districts. It comprises roughly 78 crores of rural shoppers who live in 6.50 lakh towns spread more than 35 lakh square kilometer territory. It is dissipated and far-reaching over 6.40 lakh towns, dissimilar to the metropolitan market kept to a handful of metros, cosmopolitan urban areas, and towns. Covering, a huge and generally dissipated topographical market, described by less populace per settlement, raises the stock and transportation cost and in this way influences the suitability of the course plan tasks of the circulation framework in rural areas.

    Significant Income of Rural Consumers is from Agriculture:

    Rural success attaches to agrarian flourishing. A significant piece of the pay of rural individuals comes from farming. In case of harvest disappointment, the pay of rural masses is straightforwardly influenced. In any case, the new past has seen a slow decrease in the sole reliance on agribusiness, as different areas have begun assuming a huge part in the rural economy.

    Low Standard of Living:

    The rural populace is utilized in limited scope rural and related occupations. This instability factor on account of rural pay makes the rural buyers very aware of their buy conduct as they are not certain about their future income. Most of the rural populace lives underneath the destitution line and has a low proficiency rate, low per capita pay, social backwardness, and so forth

    Added to this the customs, strict pressing factors, social qualities, and profound established notions are the obstructing factors for upward friendly versatility. Also, The flourishing to put something aside for future exigencies causes rural individuals to spend less to improve their standard of living in any event when they have decent pay.

    Conventional Outlook:

    Towns grow gradually and have a conventional standpoint. Change is a consistent cycle yet most rural individuals acknowledge changes slowly. They for the most part oppose change. This is step by step changing because of proficiency particularly in the adolescent who has started to change the standpoint in the towns.

    Foundation Facilities:

    The lacking foundation is the absolute most significant factor that recognizes metropolitan and rural business sectors. Also, The framework offices like solidified streets, stockrooms, correspondence frameworks, and monetary offices are insufficient in rural areas. Advancement and actual dissemination along these lines become extremely troublesome in the rural areas on account of deficient infrastructural offices; which has expanded the extent of rural marketing.

    Market Growth:

    The rural market is developing consistently throughout the long term. Demand for customary items, like bikes, rural data sources, FMCG Products, and so forth has additionally developed throughout the long term. The development has not been just quantitative yet also subjective.

    This was the aftereffect of new work openings and new types of the revenue made accessible through rural advancement programs; which have brought about green and white unrests and upheaval in rising assumptions for rural masses. Also, Demand for items like bikes, agrarian sources of info, ranch items, and so forth, has additionally developed throughout the long term. This outcome in the expanding the capability of rural areas.

    Different Socio-Economic Background:

    Because of the scattering of geological areas and lopsided land ripeness, rural individuals have a different financial foundation; which eventually influences the rural market. Residents have a place with various religions, societies, and gatherings of people. Socio-social foundation impacts shopper ability to acknowledge developments and new items in various areas.

    The varieties in conduct because of buyer climate geological, occupation, demographical and social, impact the way of life and make through and through various arrangements of requirements in various areas. This makes the need to portion the rural market to take into account it viably and productivity.

    Education around there:

    The education rate is low in rural areas when contrasted with metropolitan areas; and, prompts the issue of correspondence for advancement purposes. With low proficiency rates, the print medium gets wasteful; and, to a degree immaterial in rural areas since its span is poor. The reliance is more on electronic media – film, radio, and TV however the rural proficiency level has improved in the rural past.

    Rural individuals have begun to go to metropolitan areas for advanced education. Indeed, even the public authority has presented different plans for rural schooling. Mindfulness has expanded and the ranchers are very much educated about their general surroundings. They are likewise instructing themselves on the innovation around them and yearning for a superior way of life.

    Buying Capacity:

    The buying force of individuals in rural areas is reliant upon a few immediate; and, roundabout components identified with the rural economy. Marketing rural excess and rural–metropolitan terms of exchange are the primary wellsprings of buying power for rural buyers. Generally, Indian horticulture is subject to precipitation.

    Subsequently, the rural demand for buyer products is by implication impact by precipitation. This outcome is the insufficient buying force of the rural customers. Yet, presently day’s buying influence of the rural individuals is expanding; because the public authority spends immense measures of cash on the water system, flood control, framework advancement, hostile to destitution plans, endowments, and so on

    Thusly, advertisers are keen on building up the market in rural areas. Media has arrived in rural areas; so it turns out to be simple for advertisers to sell items in rural areas. Advertisers have understood the capability of rural business sectors and in this manner are expanding their activities in Rural India.

    Need or Significance or Importance of Rural Marketing:

    Numerous organizations having great assembling offices and marketing aptitude are zeroing in on rural business sectors; as there are freedoms to showcase customer labor and products in rural areas; and, likewise market agrarian items in metropolitan business sectors.

    Developing Rural Market:

    Aside from rural contributions, there is a developing business sector for customer merchandise in rural areas. As indicated by NCAER, the rural buyers address more than 50% of India’s “burning-through classes”; and, structure the objective gathering for customer labor and products.

    Extreme Competition in Major Urban Markets:

    Concentrated rivalry in the metropolitan market has expanded expenses yet not a high piece of the pie and benefits. Numerous organizations have taken a lead in setting up their items in rural business sectors. Model – HUL, Colgate, Marico, Nirma, LG Electronics.

    To Change the Attitude of the Farmers with the goal that they will Treat Agriculture as a Business:

    Generally, ranchers have regarded agribusiness as a method of living and they delivered barely enough amounts to meet their family necessities. Numerous reformist ranchers have expanded the yields of harvests by following present-day horticultural practices. Indeed, even little ranchers will urge to build creation. At the point when agribusiness is very much evolved; the pay of ranchers will go up because of a highly attractive excess. This gives great demand to modern and shopper merchandise.

    Rural Marketing Creates Employment Opportunities:

    Broadening of farming, advancement of town-level ventures, and marketing of present-day labor and products give business openings.

    Models:

    • The Government is wanting to set up a chain of expert establishments in rural areas on a public-private association premise to deliver gifted laborers for the car business. The Ministry of Rural Development has likewise preferred the proposition and has offered to expand monetary and other help. The foundations might be like the current Industrial Training Institutes.
    • Due to the high wearing down rate and the developing expense of HR, numerous BPO organizations are moving to the hinterland looking for less expensive and steadfast ability pools. Indeed, even programming firms are setting up focuses in more modest towns. In rural areas, compensations will be up to 50 percent lower than in urban communities, and land around multiple times more affordable, bringing about cost intensity.
    • As insurance agencies go increasingly more rural looking for business, there will be open doors in the rural area. The individuals who understand rural India will be in demand.
    Rural Tourism:

    Incorporates a scope of exercises, administrations, and conveniences given by rural individuals to vacationers. The expansive areas covered are social and ranch the travel industry, nature occasions, and visiting in rural areas. Town way of life and conventional neighborliness are different attractions for sightseers. Numerous metropolitan individuals would select rural the travel industry since it gives a chance to return to roots (towns) and be away from the pressing factor of metropolitan life. The rural travel industry creates business openings and expansions in pay for townspeople. Additionally, rural occasions empower the youthful metropolitan populace to encounter rural life.

    Models:
    • Winners in Maharashtra have started wine the travel industry. Having wine in the travel industry is to have guests stay in the winery; see the grape plantation and get a vibe of the wine-production measure. This will likewise permit savoring the beverage.
    • Rajasthan has been introduced as an objective with fortifications, castles, sandstones, works of art, ceramics, town specialties, and local area diversion.
    • Kushti (Wrestling) Carnival in Kundal (Sangli District, Maharashtra) pulls in near two lakh individuals.
    • Jallikattu (restraining of the bull) led during the gather celebration of Pongal has become a piece of the travel industry bundle of Tamil Nadu.
    • Purushwadi, a town arranged 180 km. from Mumbai has become a place of interest because of the endeavors of “Grass Routes” an association that is advancing town the travel industry. Begun in 2006, more than 60 families invite visitors to remain with them and experience town life and visiting slope sanctuaries, traveling, chipping away at ranches, washing in the stream, and so on
    More than 70 Percent of the Country’s Population Live in Rural Areas:

    With an exceptionally enormous shopper base, rural business sectors have huge potential, and organizations predict the rural business sectors as the business sectors of tomorrow. The working-class section is metropolitan India, which is now all around adjusted. Nonetheless, the rural business sectors are ineffectively adjusted about banking, protection, essential medical services, schooling, and lodging. Additionally, the entrance of four-wheelers, coolers, Color TV, and so on, is low in rural areas and there are enormous freedoms for inventive advertisers.

    Brand Loyalty:

    Because of low pay, most of the rural customers are cost cognizant. Be that as it may, they will keep on belittling a brand whenever they are happy with the item. Model – Parle Biscuits keep on being famous over neighborhood brands.

    Unfamiliar Competition:

    Unfamiliar organizations who are entering the Indian market, regularly, center around metropolitan shoppers. Consequently, there is less rivalry in rural business sectors.

    Improvement of Regional TV Network:

    Has empowered the advertisers to pass on the messages about items and administrations to the rural populace.

    Models:

    • In the class of rolls, Britannia dispatched the Tiger brand considering kids. The rolls focused on youngsters with the slogan ‘Tiger Khao, Kuch ban ke dikha o’.
    • The more youthful town age has significant openness to different media over the prior age, and, they like to copy their metropolitan partners. Kids assume a significant part in affecting buy choices in rural areas.

    Importance of Exploring Niche Marketing for Rural Markets!

    Specialties structure a little however beneficial base of portions to which items and brands and the ‘blast’ made by the customer blast; advertisers are investigating approaches to benefit from ‘specialty’ on the lookout.

    “Bird” cleanser of Hindustan Lever and “Colgate Total” from Colgate Palmolive mirror the importance of specialty systems in the Indian setting. Specialty methodologies could be inventively figured by consolidating a few marketing blend components; which may speak to the rural market in India.

    In a nation like India where the client blast has been entered the rural market; specialty marketing could be an out-and-out various and interesting activity. Given the social variety across the length and expansiveness of the country; specialty marketing could offer a gigantic measure of potential in the rural market.

    More Things:

    Practically all items and administrations could be reformulated with a marketing blend in which the importance given to the components could change following the segment and psychographic profiles of rural customers.

    A branded espresso may require inside and out an alternate promoting topic. It might utilize the invigorating part of caffeine to situate itself. Enfield has exhibited how promoting could be utilized to seek after a specialty; so additionally Coca Cola with film VIP Amir Khan.

    The previous passed on the toughness of a bike to withstand rural and conditions. Up-market items which have cut a specialty for themselves in metropolitan areas may go through the adjustment to be situated in the rural business sectors. Soda pops, quick food sources, and kitchen applications; and, so on may get an ‘unmistakable flavor’ to get a ‘rural specialty’.

    Rural Marketing Research Introduction Meaning Definition Areas Characteristics Attributes Highlights Features Need Significance Importance Image
    Rural Marketing Research – Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Areas, Characteristics or Attributes or Highlights or Features, Need or Significance or Importance; Image from Pixabay.