Overview of project management law; The project management method is a highly scientific, orderly, systematic, and safe project management model. Its implementation first requires the establishment of a project management target responsibility system. The project manager is the main body of responsibility and then analyzes the internal logic of the construction project.
Here are the articles to explain, Application of the project management law method in expressway construction.
The project implements scientific and orderly planning, organization, coordination, and control. Thus ensuring the optimal allocation of capital, technology, materials, machinery, labor, and other production factors to the greatest extent. The scientific application of the project management law in the expressway construction project can play a positive role in promoting the development of the project. It lays the foundation for the orderly advancement of the project through scientific and rigorous planning in advance. And improves the efficiency of project resources through the reasonable arrangement of production factors. Use efficiency. The following Research on the Management Law of Expressway Construction Projects below are.
Project progress management
Project schedule management is a dynamic and cyclical process, mainly composed of three links. They schedule preparation, project schedule implementation, and project schedule control.
Project schedule preparation
The preparation of the project schedule plan for expressway construction needs to be based on relevant construction drawings, hydrogeological data, technical and economic data, contract duration, construction plan, labor quota, mechanical shift quota, etc., and a set of predictable, forward-looking and The main content of the schedule plan with strong operability is as follows:
- first, decompose the construction schedule target, and analyze the possible risks of schedule control;
- second, clarify the main work and detailed process required for schedule control. It is the means and strategy of clear progress control.
The specific steps for project schedule preparation are as follows:
- first, divide the construction process, that is, list each construction process of the expressway project to be built according to relevant drawings, materials, procedures, etc., and give appropriate arrangements;
- second, combine the construction process, According to the requirements of the construction plan, construction machinery, construction organization, project quality, safety construction, etc., to determine a reasonable construction sequence;
- the third is to calculate the quantity of work, determine the number of labor and mechanical shifts required for the project, and predict each sub-item and division The number of construction days required for the project; the fourth is to formulate construction progress charts and conduct detailed inspections to improve and optimize unreasonable areas.
Implementation of the project schedule
The implementation of the project schedule is to guide the actual construction activities according to the construction schedule to ensure that the schedule is completed on time. During the implementation of the schedule, due to various interference and uncertain factors. The actual progress often deviates from the planned progress. For this reason, it is necessary to closely track and collect the progress data of the construction site in real-time, and compare it. With the progress, plan to grasp the implementation status of the plan, and timely correct and adjust the deviation caused by the progress change.
At the same time, changes in the schedule should properly communicate with relevant departments promptly. In addition, for large deviations in the project schedule. It is not only necessary to solve the problem of schedule lag. But also to use the time-scale network plan to analyze the cause of the deviation. Judge whether the deviation will affect the subsequent construction links, and carry out partial work if necessary. Adjustment of logical relationship or working order.
Project progress control
Project progress control is to supervise, inspect and adjust the time of each construction link of the project based on the progress plan formulated in advance. During the construction period of the project, there are various unstable factors and disturbances. The schedule plan drawn up in advance should not remain unchanged. Countermeasures must formulate in combination with various changes in the construction, and the plan should flexibly revise and adjust. Project progress control should be based on the premise of achieving engineering technical standards and ensuring project quality. Combined with technical quality management, instead of simply considering progress factors.
Project quality management
Highway engineering projects involve a wide range of factors. With many influencing factors, coupled with different construction methods, and long construction periods. And easy to affect weather conditions, etc., which makes their quality control more difficult. To strengthen the project quality management of expressway construction, it is necessary to carry out the following aspects:
Establish a sound quality assurance mechanism
To put quality management work into practice, it is first necessary to formulate a complete quality assurance system. The construction enterprise should scientifically and rationally compile the quality manual, draw up the quality policy, and clarify the quality objectives according to the basic mode of quality management and in combination with its actual situation. Finally, a set of quality assurance systems with strong prescriptiveness, coordination, and operability will form.
Control of personnel, materials, and machinery
As an important carrier and executor of quality control, people are always the core of project quality management. Therefore, we must take the initiative and creativity of people into play as an important focus of quality control to ensure that construction personnel at all levels establish a scientific and strong Quality awareness. Materials are the main body of expressway products, and their quality is directly related to the quality of the entire project. So material control is the top priority of project quality management. Construction machinery is an important symbol of the modernization of expressway construction projects.
The progress and quality of the project have a very important impact. So it is necessary to choose mechanical equipment with excellent quality and good performance. As much as possible and manage and operate the mechanical equipment in strict accordance with the regulations.
Control of the construction environment and process
Many environmental factors affect the quality of expressway construction, including the technical environment, management environment, and labor environment. In the construction environment control, is according to the characteristics and conditions of expressway construction. The management and control of various environmental factors should strengthen in a targeted manner. The control of the construction process is a part of the prior control. Generally, the mathematical statistics method used, that is, the inspection data of each process is measured, analyze, and judged to know whether the quality of the process is up to standard.
The main points of construction process control are as follows:
- first, strengthen the management of process flow, and ensure that operators at all levels operate strictly by the process flow;
- second, strengthen the control of activity conditions. The activity conditions in each process include operators, construction materials, construction machinery, The construction plan, operating environment, etc., should ensure that all these activity conditions are under control so that each process can meet the established quality requirements;
- the third is to strengthen the inspection of the effect of process activities. The effect of process activities is an important criterion for judging whether the quality can meet the standards. Therefore, we must pay attention to quality inspection work, grasp the project quality dynamics in real-time, and ensure that the effect of process activities meets the specifications and design requirements.
Project cost management
Project cost forecast and plan
The project cost forecast is to estimate the project cost based on the winning bid price, combined with the construction environment, mechanical equipment, and labor quality of the expressway project. The main contents of the project cost forecast include labor, material, and machine costs, auxiliary engineering costs, temporary facility costs, construction site transfer costs, and risks of costs out of control, etc. Among them, the forecast of the cost of materials and machines is the key.
Through the analysis and forecast of the above expenses, the control standards of materials, machinery, and indirect expenses can clarify, and at the same time, the upper limit of the project’s construction period under the established cost target can obtain, thereby laying the foundation for subsequent project cost control.
The project cost plan is to compile the production cost, cost level, and strategic plan adopted to control the cost of the engineering project in the form of currency during the planning period, to provide the basis for the enterprise to implement cost control and accounting. The preparation of the project cost plan is mainly in the charge of the project management department, which generally adopts a bottom-up and layer-by-layer compilation method, which needs to cover all costs formed from the start of construction to the completion of the project.
Project cost control
Project cost control mainly controls three aspects: organization, technology, and economy. Among them, the organizational measures refer to clarifying the institutional settings and staffing of the project management department, engineering technology department, operation department, finance department, and other departments, carrying out detailed task division for each department, and also implementing the responsible person system to avoid cost exceeding the standard.
The phenomenon of no one being held accountable. Technical measures are to formulate advanced and reasonable construction plans, such as determining construction methods, selecting construction machinery, arranging construction sequences, organizing flow construction, etc. During the construction process, it is necessary to constantly search for new processes, new materials, and new technologies that can save energy, reduce consumption, speed up efficiency, and improve quality.
Waste of people, money, and things. Economic measures are mainly aimed at labor costs and material costs. Labor costs account for about 10% of the cost of expressway projects. Unnecessary man-day consumption can be reduced and waste of idle labor can be prevented by controlling the number of workers, improving labor organization, formulating reward and punishment systems, strengthening technical training, and strict labor discipline.
Practical construction problems
Unfair competition issues
In recent years, the phenomenon of unfair competition in highway construction has increased. Driven by interests, some competent departments have illegally intervened in project bidding, which has affected fair competition in bidding. The original intention of bidding is to select the best construction unit. But due to the existence of unfair competition, some construction units with poor qualifications have repeatedly won the bid, and some construction units with higher qualifications have been turned away instead, making the project quality lack the best Basic security. Unfair competition in highway bidding must be addressed if project management law is to get off to a good start.
The autonomy of the construction unit is poor
Construction contracts are an important prerequisite for project management, but some construction units take advantage of their dominant position in contract signing to forcefully add some unfair clauses and make various unreasonable demands in actual construction. For example, in the absence of a corresponding construction program design. The construction unit is required to start construction; the construction technical information is not provided promptly; the payment is delayed or even in arrears, etc., resulting in a poor capital turnover of the construction unit, affecting the construction progress, and project management. There is no way to continue. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize contract management and also improve the autonomy of the construction unit. To provide a good environment for the development of project management.
Application effect evaluation of project management method in expressway construction
Assessment procedure
Project management effect evaluation is the inspection and evaluation of project management effectiveness and law, and it is also a very important link in the application of project management. Only through scientific evaluation and evaluation can we summarize the shortcomings, formulate countermeasures, and continuously improve the project management level of expressway construction. The specific procedures for engineering project assessment are:
- ① Formulate assessment methods;
- ② Form an assessment team;
- ③ Formulate assessment plans;
- ④ Carry out assessment work;
- ⑤ Issue assessment reports.
Index system
Project evaluation indicators are composed of quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators. Among them, qualitative indicators refer to indicators that cannot be quantified but have a reliable demonstration basis. Mainly including management concepts, management planning, management systems, and also social benefit evaluation. Quantitative indicators refer to technical and economic indicators that can be quantitatively compared, including construction period, quality, cost, etc.
Conclusion
To sum up, scientific and reasonable project management is an important guarantee for the smooth progress of expressway construction projects and plays an important role in the achievement of project quality, progress, and benefit goals. The implementation of the project management law mainly includes several aspects. Such as project progress management, project quality management, and project cost management. Thereby improving the effectiveness of project management and improving the economic benefits of expressway construction projects.
