Google’s Acquisition of Motorola Mobility for Case Study!

Motorola Mobility, which was previously known as the mobile devices division of Motorola, until January 2011 when it was separated. The company produces smartphones, set-top boxes, an end to end video solutions and cable modems. As soon as automobiles were becoming popular, Motorola helped with entertaining the passengers, as it introduced the world’s first commercial portable cell phone. On the other Hand, Google a privately held company, founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two Ph.D. students at the University of Stanford, it has been focused on technology innovations to help its users find the information with unprecedented levels of ease, accuracy, and relevancy. Also learn, Dell Social Business Strategy, Google’s Acquisition of Motorola Mobility for Case Study! 

Learn, Google’s Acquisition of Motorola Mobility for Case Study!

Google primarily concentrated on the areas of search, advertising, operating systems and platforms, enterprise and hardware products. These programs include AdWords, AdSense, Google Display and Google Mobile, with Android and Google Chrome serve as its operating system and platforms. Google generate revenues primarily through delivering advertising to promote products and services for businesses. Currently, it moves to the new area, except for providing specific features to mobile device users, Google also operates in the mobile segment, as it made an acquisition of Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc. (Motorola) on May 22, 2012.

Strategy, Finance, and Valuation Behind the Acquisition!

Google is considered as one of the top web property in the global market. It provides different organization from all sizes with measurable results. The base of Google is located in Silicon Valley, however, they have offices all over the world. In 2011, Google managed to buy Motorola at a share price of $40 per share. This acquisition will enable Google to supercharge the Android ecosystem and will enhance competition in mobile computing. Motorola Mobility will remain a licensee of Android and Android will remain open. Google will run Motorola Mobility as a separate business.

Google made a deal with Motorola Mobility to buy the latter company for the sum of 12.5 billion dollars. Motorola was the only smartphone company that didn’t join Microsoft windows phone reboot, which was rewarded by Google which bought the company for $12.5 billion. The move Google made showed a bold move into the hardware business. Google plans included Motorola whereas they would run Motorola Mobility as a separate business that only licenses the software. The reasons behind the acquisition of Motorola, was none other than the intellectual property, whereas the patent portfolio of the company was described as an asset that will strengthen the position of Google with respect to threats coming from Apple and other companies such as Microsoft.

According to the founder of Google and the CEO Lary page, he said ” “Motorola Mobility’s total commitment to Android has created a natural fit for our two companies. Together, we will create amazing user experiences that supercharge the entire Android ecosystem for the benefit of consumers, partners, and developers. I look forward to welcoming Motorolans to our family of Googlers.” The Corporate Entrepreneurship Categories and Organizational Thinking!

On the other hand, Motorola Mobility Holdings, Inc., is a manufacturer of cellular phones, whereas it combines innovative technology with human insights in order to connect people and enrich their lives. They are not solitary focused on cellular phones, as they manufacture wireless accessories, data delivery; and management solutions. During that time, Motorola was struggling in their market, to keep up with Samsung and HTC in Android innovation.

For Motorola to get $12.5 billion for the company would be a great thing, as it is 63% premium over the share price. Even though the company was enjoying the launch of Droid and Droid X, however, it was losing after Motorola XOOM wasn’t selling, furthermore, delays occurred with the launching of the 4G smartphones. So the amount paid by Google only shows the how the CEO of Motorola Sanjay Jha has the ability to capitalize on a company desperate for patent protection.

According to Sanjay Jha, the CEO of Motorola Mobility, the transaction between Google and Motorola will offer major value to the stakeholders, offers new opportunities to the employees, customers, and partners around the world. The partnership will take the Android platform to another level, a level that will enable them to deliver better mobile devices.

Before the acquisition, took place, Google wanted to buy Motorola for a high-$20s, low-$30s per share, they made their first bid on the 1st of August, where they offered $30 per share, after 10 days from making the initial bid, Google made 2 more bids, the second bid was for the price of $37 and the final bid was for $40. But our question is, how could a company like Google, that is fond of number reach to this amount?

It all started n July, when Sanjay Jha, said that it would be hard for Motorola to stay alone as an entity if it sold a large number of patents. This prompted Google to buy Motorola Mobility, so they requested to buy the company for the price of $30 per share in cash since Motorola has almost 299 million shares, the total bid equated to $9 Billion in Cash.

However, Motorola used Quatalyst partners (Investment Bankers) to make contact with Google in August Whereas they suggested that Google should pay the amount of $43.5 per share (New York times), that’s when Google increased the bid up to $37 per share, which was later declined by both Motorola and Quatalyst partners, but Google still had a chance, as they replied with an offer of $40.5 per share or higher.” Google made the offer of $40.00 per share, or $11.96 billion. With the addition of options, the total amount reached up to $12.5 billion in Cash, which was finally agreed to by Motorola Mobility.

Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility is considered the largest in the company’s history, reaching the value of $12.5 billion, it is considered as the strongest merger and Acquisition within the sector of high-tech since the year 2007 according to data from Thomson Reuters.

This acquisition is considered overpriced to the media, as 63% premium is paid on the below par device makers. However many analysts and the media around the world believe that the purchase was only because of Motorola Patents, for this reason, Google should prepare itself to stand in court in case of lawsuits.

Some would argue that the reason behind the purchase is to start a war with Apple. After all, Google will start the process of manufacturing phones that could run on the Android platform, this means that Google is looking for a head to head battle with the iPads and iPhones manufacturers that use Apple platform. With this acquisition, Google managed to enter into the business of manufacturing phones.

Regulatory Implications!

In order for the acquisition to take place, Google had to get the approval from the US government, European Commission and the Chinese government. Google managed to get approval from the US government and European Commission in February 2011. The US government had its doubts to give approval as it wasn’t sure if the acquisition would harm the Cell phone market. As the government is on guard to see if Google would use patents in the wireless device industry and “will not hesitate to take appropriate enforcement action” against violators.

On the other hand, the Chinese government took more time to approve the transaction. As the Chinese law clearly states that any company that is selling its products with a revenue greater than $63 million domestically or $1.5 billion globally must get the approval from its ministry of commerce. However, Google must keep the operating system of Android free for all users and open for at least five years, in order to give approval of the acquisition.

Is Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility Working Out?

Everyone was surprised by the Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility, there are many good reasons why the business world was shocked. To begin with, its really rare to see a software company, moving into the hardware business. Could Motorola be the right choice for Google to purchase?

The main reason behind the Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility was the 17,000 portfolio of patents owned by Motorola mobility plus 7000 pending patent applications, which are mostly related to the mobile technologies. Before Google actually bought Motorola, they had lost around 6,000 patents that belonged to Nortel. A group of investors from different companies such as Microsoft, Sony, and apple, who pitched in to pay the sum of $4.5 billion. This left Google out cold and started one of Google’s now-infamous screed against the patent system. Google had to look for another source of patents, that’s why it settled for Motorola Mobility.

At the start of the merger, Google posted its first revenue report in July 2012, the report included Motorola acquisition, the overall numbers shown were actually good, which came as a shock. The total revenue reaches up to $12.1 billion, which was 21% more than the same quarter of last year. On the other hand, Motorola who had lost cash in 14 out of the last 16 quarters, was expected to drag Google’s cash flow down. Even though it was true, it wasn’t as bad as many analysts thought.

As almost $1.25 billion that Google earned came from none other than Motorola, plus almost $840 million that came from selling Motorola Handset. Even though the sales of Low-end phones were still decreasing, other phones such as Motorola’s Droid Razr Maxx was selling really well. If it was still working as a separate entity, it would have almost the total sum of $38 million, which is not really a huge number, as it only forms about 3% of the total revenue generated.

But is it really working out between the two companies? As Google’s main reason behind the acquisition was the patents. These patents, are with no doubt bringing Google healthy royalty revenue. However, since the acquisition took place, Google tried to assert the patents owned by Motorola against other competitors such as Apple and Microsoft with no luck, it also tried to protect Android, but still, there are no produced results. Instead of showing good result, the acquisition is actually attracting negative attention from around the world, as it was from Judges, Regulators or even both. According to Duncan, he says ” Google may have turned the patent fight between high-tech companies from a high-stakes bout to an old-school, 40-round, bare-knuckle brawls — and that’s pretty much the opposite of what patents are supposed to do”.

Google Sells Motorola to Lenovo!

After one and a half year, Motorola Mobility LLC, which owned by Google has been sold again to Lenovo, which a Chinese company whom an expert in a computer manufacturing for only $2.91 billion. Most of the people said that Google’s decision to sell Motorola Mobility is a fool.

Google has several reasons why they sell Motorola Mobility to Lenovo. The first reason is Google only bought Motorola Mobility for its patents, not for manufacturing. Because Motorola had a massive patent library that can be used defensively against Apple’s patent attacks on Android licensees which makes the Android or Google’s customer worried. Google acquired Motorola Mobility, including its approximately 17,000 patents for $12.4 billion in May 2012 (all figures in US dollars). They sold the set-top box business (and 1,000 patients) to Arris in December 2012 for $2.35 billion in cash and stock. And now they’ve sold the handset business (and 2,000 patients) to Lenovo for $2.91 billion.

Now, the purchase of Motorola came with $2.9 billion in cash, so what we’re left with is $4.24 billion for around 14,000 patents. (You can shrink that number further by taking into account things like $2.4 billion in deferred tax assets Google obtained in the original acquisition, but we’ll set that aside for the sake of this argument.) According to regulatory filings, Google had valued the original 17,000 patents at $5.5 billion (by far the biggest piece in their valuation of the acquisition).

Now, anyone in the patent licensing business will tell you calculating a per-patent valuation for a portfolio is an over-simplification. But with all necessary disclaimers, this works out to around $294,000 each, and that they paid $303,000 each for the 14,000 they still have. That’s pretty close to their original valuation. And does that valuation hold water? Probably the easiest checkpoint is Rockstar’s purchase of around 6,000 Nortel patents for $4.5 billion. That’s $750,000 per patent.

The second reason is Google can become a neutral company as an operating system broker for many vendors and make the money circulate faster than when with Motorola. Because, once Google bought Motorola, many big companies like Samsung and LG start to create their new operating system for mobile like Samsung’s Tizen. From these two reasons, Google’s decision to sell Motorola Mobility to Lenovo is a wise decision and profitable.